Leitlinienprogramm OnkologieMultiples Myelom

21. Literaturverzeichnis – Multiples Myelom

Version 1.0 · Februar 2022 · AWMF 018/035OL
Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie · Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft · Deutsche Krebshilfe · AWMF

1. Balshem, H., Helfand, M., Schunemann, H. J., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., et.al. GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence, J Clin Epidemiol, 2011. 64(4): p. 401-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208779

2. Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Vist, G., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Alonso-Coello, P., et.al. GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence--study limitations (risk of bias), J Clin Epidemiol, 2011. 64(4): p. 407-15., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21247734

3. Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Woodcock, J., Brozek, J., Helfand, M., et.al. GRADE guidelines: 7. Rating the quality of evidence--inconsistency, J Clin Epidemiol, 2011. 64(12): p. 1294-302., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21803546

4. Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Alonso-Coello, P., Rind, D., et.al. GRADE guidelines 6. Rating the quality of evidence--imprecision, J Clin Epidemiol, 2011. 64(12): p. 1283-93., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21839614

5. Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Woodcock, J., Brozek, J., Helfand, M., et.al. GRADE guidelines: 8. Rating the quality of evidence--indirectness, J Clin Epidemiol, 2011. 64(12): p. 1303-10., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802903

6. Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Montori, V., Vist, G., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., et.al. GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence--publication bias, J Clin Epidemiol, 2011. 64(12): p. 1277-82., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802904

7. Robert Koch Institut, Zentrum für Krebsregisterdaten, Gesellschaft der epidemiologischen Krebsregister in Deutschland e.V., Krebs in Deutschland für 2015/2016. Multiples Myelom, 2019., https://www.krebsdaten.de/Krebs/DE/Content/Publikationen/Krebs_in_Deutschland/kid_2023/kid_2023_c90_multiples_myelom.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

9. National Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration, Krebsinzidenz in der Schweiz. Krebsart C90 Multiples Myelom, (last accessed 11 May 2021), 2021., https://www.nicer.org/NicerReportFiles2018/DE/report/atlas.html

10. Wörmann B,, Driessen C, Einsele H, Goldschmidt, H, Gunsilius E, Kortüm M, Kröger N, Ludwig H, Mügge LO, Naumann R, Pritzkuleit R, Röllig C, Scheid C, Taverna C, Weisel K, Weißinger F, Multiples MyelomDGHO Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hämatologie und Medizinische Onkologie e.V, Empfehlungen der Fachgesellschaft zur Diagnostik und Therapie hämatologischer und onkologischer Erkrankungen, 2018., www.onkopedia.com

11. Go, R. S., Bartley, A. C., Crowson, C. S., Shah, N. D., Habermann, E. B., Holton, S. J., et.al. Association Between Treatment Facility Volume and Mortality of Patients With Multiple Myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2017. 35(6): p. 598-604., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28199819

12. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Myeloma: diagnosis and management, 2016., https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng35/chapter/recommendations#monitoring

13. Proctor, I. E., McNamara, C., Rodriguez-Justo, M., Isaacson, P. G., Ramsay, A., Importance of expert central review in the diagnosis of lymphoid malignancies in a regional cancer network, J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(11): p. 1431-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21343555

14. Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss, Beschluss des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses über eine Änderung der Richtlinie Methoden Krankenhausbehandlung: Stammzelltransplantation bei Multiplem Myelom, 2017., https://www.g-ba.de/downloads/39-261-2840/2017-01-19_KHMe-RL_Stammzelltransplantation-Multiples-Myelom_BAnz.pdf

15. Kommission fur Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionspravention beim Robert, Koch-Institut, [Requirements for hygiene in the medical care of immunocompromised patients. Recommendations from the Committee for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention at the Robert Koch Institute (RKI)], Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz, 2010. 53(4): p. 357-88., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20300719

16. Gratwohl, A., Brand, R., Niederwieser, D., Baldomero, H., Chabannon, C., Cornelissen, J., et.al. Introduction of a quality management system and outcome after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(15): p. 1980-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21483006

17. Rood, J. A., Eeltink, C. M., van Zuuren, F. J., Verdonck-de Leeuw, I. M., Huijgens, P. C., Perceived need for information of patients with haematological malignancies: a literature review, J Clin Nurs, 2015. 24(3-4): p. 353-69., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24890671

18. LeBlanc, T. W., Baile, W. F., Eggly, S., Bylund, C. L., Kurtin, S., Khurana, M., et.al. Review of the patient-centered communication landscape in multiple myeloma and other hematologic malignancies, Patient Educ Couns, 2019. 102(9): p. 1602-1612., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31076236

19. Knips, L., Bergenthal, N., Streckmann, F., Monsef, I., Elter, T., Skoetz, N., Aerobic physical exercise for adult patients with haematological malignancies, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2019. 1(1): p. CD009075., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30702150

20. Sweiss, K., Wirth, S. M., Sharp, L., Park, I., Sweiss, H., Rondelli, D., et.al. Collaborative Physician-Pharmacist-Managed Multiple Myeloma Clinic Improves Guideline Adherence and Prevents Treatment Delays, J Oncol Pract, 2018. 14(11): p. e674-e682., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30423263

21. Landgren, O., Kyle, R. A., Pfeiffer, R. M., Katzmann, J. A., Caporaso, N. E., Hayes, R. B., et.al. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) consistently precedes multiple myeloma: a prospective study, Blood, 2009. 113(22): p. 5412-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19179464

22. Dispenzieri, A., Katzmann, J. A., Kyle, R. A., Larson, D. R., Melton, L. J., 3rd, Colby, C. L., et.al. Prevalence and risk of progression of light-chain monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a retrospective population-based cohort study, Lancet, 2010. 375(9727): p. 1721-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20472173

23. Zingone, A., Kuehl, W. M., Pathogenesis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and progression to multiple myeloma, Semin Hematol, 2011. 48(1): p. 4-12., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21232653

24. Eisele, L., Durig, J., Huttmann, A., Duhrsen, U., Assert, R., Bokhof, B., et.al. Prevalence and progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and light-chain MGUS in Germany, Ann Hematol, 2012. 91(2): p. 243-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21789623

25. van de Donk, N. W., Palumbo, A., Johnsen, H. E., Engelhardt, M., Gay, F., Gregersen, H., et.al. The clinical relevance and management of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and related disorders: recommendations from the European Myeloma Network, Haematologica, 2014. 99(6): p. 984-96., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24658815

26. Kyle, R. A., Durie, B. G., Rajkumar, S. V., Landgren, O., Blade, J., Merlini, G., et.al. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management, Leukemia, 2010. 24(6): p. 1121-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20410922

27. Weber, D. M., Solitary bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma, Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program, 2005. 2005(1): p. 373-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16304406

28. Reed, V., Shah, J., Medeiros, L. J., Ha, C. S., Mazloom, A., Weber, D. M., et.al. Solitary plasmacytomas: outcome and prognostic factors after definitive radiation therapy, Cancer, 2011. 117(19): p. 4468-74., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21437886

29. Chamberlain, Marc C., Glantz, Michael, Myelomatous meningitis, Cancer, 2008. 112(7): p. 1562-1567., https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23330

30. Kyle, R. A., Gertz, M. A., Witzig, T. E., Lust, J. A., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Mayo Clin Proc, 2003. 78(1): p. 21-33., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12528874

31. Friese, C. R., Abel, G. A., Magazu, L. S., Neville, B. A., Richardson, L. C., Earle, C. C., Diagnostic delay and complications for older adults with multiple myeloma, Leuk Lymphoma, 2009. 50(3): p. 392-400., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19294556

32. Dimopoulos, M. A., Kastritis, E., Rosinol, L., Blade, J., Ludwig, H., Pathogenesis and treatment of renal failure in multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2008. 22(8): p. 1485-93., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18528426

33. Palumbo, A., Avet-Loiseau, H., Oliva, S., Lokhorst, H. M., Goldschmidt, H., Rosinol, L., et.al. Revised International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma: A Report From International Myeloma Working Group, J Clin Oncol, 2015. 33(26): p. 2863-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26240224

34. Greipp, P. R., San Miguel, J., Durie, B. G., Crowley, J. J., Barlogie, B., Blade, J., et.al. International staging system for multiple myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2005. 23(15): p. 3412-20., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15809451

35. Oken, M. M., Creech, R. H., Tormey, D. C., Horton, J., Davis, T. E., McFadden, E. T., et.al. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Am J Clin Oncol, 1982. 5(6): p. 649-55., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7165009

36. Engelhardt, M., Domm, A. S., Dold, S. M., Ihorst, G., Reinhardt, H., Zober, A., et.al. A concise revised Myeloma Comorbidity Index as a valid prognostic instrument in a large cohort of 801 multiple myeloma patients, Haematologica, 2017. 102(5): p. 910-921., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28154088

37. Dimopoulos, M., Kyle, R., Fermand, J. P., Rajkumar, S. V., San Miguel, J., Chanan-Khan, A., et.al. Consensus recommendations for standard investigative workup: report of the International Myeloma Workshop Consensus Panel 3, Blood, 2011. 117(18): p. 4701-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292778

38. Dispenzieri, A., Kyle, R., Merlini, G., Miguel, J. S., Ludwig, H., Hajek, R., et.al. International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for serum-free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders, Leukemia, 2009. 23(2): p. 215-24., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020545

39. Rajkumar, S. V., Dimopoulos, M. A., Palumbo, A., Blade, J., Merlini, G., Mateos, M. V., et.al. International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, Lancet Oncol, 2014. 15(12): p. e538-48., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25439696

40. McKenna RW, Kyle RD, Kuehl WM, Harris NL, Coupland R, Fend F, Plasma cell neoplasms. WHO Classification of Tumours of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri S, Stein H et al. Lyon, IARC, 2017. p. 241-253.

41. Kyle, R. A., Rajkumar, S. V., Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, Br J Haematol, 2006. 134(6): p. 573-89., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16938117

42. Weiss, B. M., Abadie, J., Verma, P., Howard, R. S., Kuehl, W. M., A monoclonal gammopathy precedes multiple myeloma in most patients, Blood, 2009. 113(22): p. 5418-22., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19234139

43. Specht, K., Haralambieva, E., Bink, K., Kremer, M., Mandl-Weber, S., Koch, I., et.al. Different mechanisms of cyclin D1 overexpression in multiple myeloma revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative analysis of mRNA levels, Blood, 2004. 104(4): p. 1120-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15090460

44. Paiva, B., Vidriales, M. B., Perez, J. J., Mateo, G., Montalban, M. A., Mateos, M. V., et.al. Multiparameter flow cytometry quantification of bone marrow plasma cells at diagnosis provides more prognostic information than morphological assessment in myeloma patients, Haematologica, 2009. 94(11): p. 1599-602., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19880781

45. Perez-Persona, E., Mateo, G., Garcia-Sanz, R., Mateos, M. V., de Las Heras, N., de Coca, A. G., et.al. Risk of progression in smouldering myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies of unknown significance: comparative analysis of the evolution of monoclonal component and multiparameter flow cytometry of bone marrow plasma cells, Br J Haematol, 2010. 148(1): p. 110-4., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19821821

46. Flores-Montero, J., de Tute, R., Paiva, B., Perez, J. J., Bottcher, S., Wind, H., et.al. Immunophenotype of normal vs. myeloma plasma cells: Toward antibody panel specifications for MRD detection in multiple myeloma, Cytometry B Clin Cytom, 2016. 90(1): p. 61-72., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26100534

47. Kumar, S., Paiva, B., Anderson, K. C., Durie, B., Landgren, O., Moreau, P., et.al. International Myeloma Working Group consensus criteria for response and minimal residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma, Lancet Oncol, 2016. 17(8): p. e328-e346., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27511158

48. Avet-Loiseau, H., Daviet, A., Brigaudeau, C., Callet-Bauchu, E., Terre, C., Lafage-Pochitaloff, M., et.al. Cytogenetic, interphase, and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses in primary plasma cell leukemia: a study of 40 patients at diagnosis, on behalf of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome and the Groupe Francais de Cytogenetique Hematologique, Blood, 2001. 97(3): p. 822-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11157506

49. Fernandez de Larrea, C., Kyle, R. A., Durie, B. G., Ludwig, H., Usmani, S., Vesole, D. H., et.al. Plasma cell leukemia: consensus statement on diagnostic requirements, response criteria and treatment recommendations by the International Myeloma Working Group, Leukemia, 2013. 27(4): p. 780-91., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23288300

50. Gonsalves, W. I., Rajkumar, S. V., Go, R. S., Dispenzieri, A., Gupta, V., Singh, P. P., et.al. Trends in survival of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia: a population-based analysis, Blood, 2014. 124(6): p. 907-12., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24957143

51. Alexiou, C., Kau, R. J., Dietzfelbinger, H., Kremer, M., Spiess, J. C., Schratzenstaller, B., et.al. Extramedullary plasmacytoma: tumor occurrence and therapeutic concepts, Cancer, 1999. 85(11): p. 2305-14., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10357398

52. Kremer, M., Ott, G., Nathrath, M., Specht, K., Stecker, K., Alexiou, C., et.al. Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma: phenotypic differences revealed by immunohistochemical analysis, J Pathol, 2005. 205(1): p. 92-101., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15586381

53. Boll, M., Parkins, E., O'Connor, S. J., Rawstron, A. C., Owen, R. G., Extramedullary plasmacytoma are characterized by a 'myeloma-like' immunophenotype and genotype and occult bone marrow involvement, Br J Haematol, 2010. 151(5): p. 525-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20880115

54. Dispenzieri, A., How I treat POEMS syndrome, Blood, 2012. 119(24): p. 5650-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22547581

55. Dispenzieri, A., POEMS syndrome: 2014 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management, Am J Hematol, 2014. 89(2): p. 214-23., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24532337

56. Dingli, D., Ailawadhi, S., Bergsagel, P. L., Buadi, F. K., Dispenzieri, A., Fonseca, R., et.al. Therapy for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma: Guidelines From the Mayo Stratification for Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy, Mayo Clin Proc, 2017. 92(4): p. 578-598., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28291589

57. Paquin, A. R., Kumar, S. K., Buadi, F. K., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Overall survival of transplant eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: comparative effectiveness analysis of modern induction regimens on outcome, Blood Cancer J, 2018. 8(12): p. 125., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30538223

58. Chen, L., Li, J., Xu, W., Qiu, H., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y., et.al. Molecular cytogenetic aberrations in patients with multiple myeloma studied by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, Exp Oncol, 2007. 29(2): p. 116-20., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17704743

59. Sawyer, J. R., The prognostic significance of cytogenetics and molecular profiling in multiple myeloma, Cancer Genet, 2011. 204(1): p. 3-12., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21356186

60. Rasche, L., Kortum, K. M., Raab, M. S., Weinhold, N., The Impact of Tumor Heterogeneity on Diagnostics and Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Multiple Myeloma, Int J Mol Sci, 2019. 20(5): p. 1248., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871078

61. Morgan, G. J., Rasche, L., Maintaining therapeutic progress in multiple myeloma by integrating genetic and biological advances into the clinic, Expert Rev Hematol, 2018. 11(7): p. 513-523., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29944024

62. Perrot, A., Lauwers-Cances, V., Tournay, E., Hulin, C., Chretien, M. L., Royer, B., et.al. Development and Validation of a Cytogenetic Prognostic Index Predicting Survival in Multiple Myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2019. 37(19): p. 1657-1665., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31091136

63. Sawyer, J. R., Tian, E., Shaughnessy, J. D., Jr., Epstein, J., Swanson, C. M., Stangeby, C., et.al. Hyperhaploidy is a novel high-risk cytogenetic subgroup in multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2017. 31(3): p. 637-644., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27694925

64. Barwick, B. G., Neri, P., Bahlis, N. J., Nooka, A. K., Dhodapkar, M. V., Jaye, D. L., et.al. Multiple myeloma immunoglobulin lambda translocations portend poor prognosis, Nat Commun, 2019. 10(1): p. 1911., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31015454

65. Walker, B. A., Mavrommatis, K., Wardell, C. P., Ashby, T. C., Bauer, M., Davies, F. E., et.al. Identification of novel mutational drivers reveals oncogene dependencies in multiple myeloma, Blood, 2018. 132(6): p. 587-597., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29884741

66. Walker, B. A., Mavrommatis, K., Wardell, C. P., Ashby, T. C., Bauer, M., Davies, F., et.al. A high-risk, Double-Hit, group of newly diagnosed myeloma identified by genomic analysis, Leukemia, 2019. 33(1): p. 159-170., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29967379

67. Weinhold, N., Ashby, C., Rasche, L., Chavan, S. S., Stein, C., Stephens, O. W., et.al. Clonal selection and double-hit events involving tumor suppressor genes underlie relapse in myeloma, Blood, 2016. 128(13): p. 1735-44., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27516441

68. Thanendrarajan, S., Tian, E., Qu, P., Mathur, P., Schinke, C., van Rhee, F., et.al. The level of deletion 17p and bi-allelic inactivation of TP53 has a significant impact on clinical outcome in multiple myeloma, Haematologica, 2017. 102(9): p. e364-e367., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28550191

69. Shah, V., Sherborne, A. L., Walker, B. A., Johnson, D. C., Boyle, E. M., Ellis, S., et.al. Prediction of outcome in newly diagnosed myeloma: a meta-analysis of the molecular profiles of 1905 trial patients, Leukemia, 2018. 32(1): p. 102-110., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28584253

70. Jelinek, T., Bezdekova, R., Zatopkova, M., Burgos, L., Simicek, M., Sevcikova, T., et.al. Current applications of multiparameter flow cytometry in plasma cell disorders, Blood Cancer J, 2017. 7(10): p. e617., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053157

71. Rawstron, A. C., Orfao, A., Beksac, M., Bezdickova, L., Brooimans, R. A., Bumbea, H., et.al. Report of the European Myeloma Network on multiparametric flow cytometry in multiple myeloma and related disorders, Haematologica, 2008. 93(3): p. 431-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18268286

72. Flores-Montero, J., Sanoja-Flores, L., Paiva, B., Puig, N., Garcia-Sanchez, O., Bottcher, S., et.al. Next Generation Flow for highly sensitive and standardized detection of minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2017. 31(10): p. 2094-2103., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28104919

73. Hillengass, J., Moulopoulos, L. A., Delorme, S., Koutoulidis, V., Mosebach, J., Hielscher, T., et.al. Whole-body computed tomography versus conventional skeletal survey in patients with multiple myeloma: a study of the International Myeloma Working Group, Blood Cancer J, 2017. 7(8): p. e599., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28841211

74. Cavo, M., Terpos, E., Nanni, C., Moreau, P., Lentzsch, S., Zweegman, S., et.al. Role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders: a consensus statement by the International Myeloma Working Group, Lancet Oncol, 2017. 18(4): p. e206-e217., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28368259

75. Cheson, B. D., Fisher, R. I., Barrington, S. F., Cavalli, F., Schwartz, L. H., Zucca, E., et.al. Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification, J Clin Oncol, 2014. 32(27): p. 3059-68., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25113753

76. Hillengass, J., Fechtner, K., Weber, M. A., Bauerle, T., Ayyaz, S., Heiss, C., et.al. Prognostic significance of focal lesions in whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in patients with asymptomatic multiple myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2010. 28(9): p. 1606-10., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20177023

77. Rasche, L., Angtuaco, E., McDonald, J. E., Buros, A., Stein, C., Pawlyn, C., et.al. Low expression of hexokinase-2 is associated with false-negative FDG-positron emission tomography in multiple myeloma, Blood, 2017. 130(1): p. 30-34., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28432222

78. Kyle, R. A., Remstein, E. D., Therneau, T. M., Dispenzieri, A., Kurtin, P. J., Hodnefield, J. M., et.al. Clinical course and prognosis of smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2007. 356(25): p. 2582-90., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17582068

79. Hillengass, J., Usmani, S., Rajkumar, S. V., Durie, B. G. M., Mateos, M. V., Lonial, S., et.al. International myeloma working group consensus recommendations on imaging in monoclonal plasma cell disorders, Lancet Oncol, 2019. 20(6): p. e302-e312., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31162104

80. Albano, Domenico, Bosio, Giovanni, Treglia, Giorgio, Giubbini, Raffaele, Bertagna, Francesco, 18F–FDG PET/CT in solitary plasmacytoma: metabolic behavior and progression to multiple myeloma, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2018. 45(1): p. 77-84., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-017-3810-5

81. Fouquet, G., Guidez, S., Herbaux, C., Van de Wyngaert, Z., Bonnet, S., Beauvais, D., et.al. Impact of initial FDG-PET/CT and serum-free light chain on transformation of conventionally defined solitary plasmacytoma to multiple myeloma, Clin Cancer Res, 2014. 20(12): p. 3254-60., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24714772

82. Lu, Y. Y., Chen, J. H., Lin, W. Y., Liang, J. A., Wang, H. Y., Tsai, S. C., et.al. FDG PET or PET/CT for detecting intramedullary and extramedullary lesions in multiple Myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Clin Nucl Med, 2012. 37(9): p. 833-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22889770

83. Regelink, J. C., Minnema, M. C., Terpos, E., Kamphuis, M. H., Raijmakers, P. G., Pieters-van den Bos, I. C., et.al. Comparison of modern and conventional imaging techniques in establishing multiple myeloma-related bone disease: a systematic review, Br J Haematol, 2013. 162(1): p. 50-61., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23617231

84. van Lammeren-Venema, D., Regelink, J. C., Riphagen, II, Zweegman, S., Hoekstra, O. S., Zijlstra, J. M., (1)(8)F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in assessment of myeloma-related bone disease: a systematic review, Cancer, 2012. 118(8): p. 1971-81., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21887677

85. Zhang, L., Zhang, X., He, Q., Zhang, R., Fan, W., The role of initial (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the management of patients with suspected extramedullary plasmocytoma, Cancer Imaging, 2018. 18(1): p. 19., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29764500

86. Nanni, C., Rubello, D., Zamagni, E., Castellucci, P., Ambrosini, V., Montini, G., et.al. 18F-FDG PET/CT in myeloma with presumed solitary plasmocytoma of bone, In Vivo, 2008. 22(4): p. 513-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18712181

87. Salaun, P. Y., Gastinne, T., Frampas, E., Bodet-Milin, C., Moreau, P., Bodere-Kraeber, F., FDG-positron-emission tomography for staging and therapeutic assessment in patients with plasmacytoma, Haematologica, 2008. 93(8): p. 1269-71., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18519518

88. Kim, P.J., et al., Impact of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Before and After Definitive Radiation Therapy in Patients With Apparently Solitary Plasmacytoma., International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2009. 74(3): p. 740-746.

89. Albano, Domenico, Bosio, Giovanni, Treglia, Giorgio, Giubbini, Raffaele, Bertagna, Francesco, 18F–FDG PET/CT in solitary plasmacytoma: metabolic behavior and progression to multiple myeloma, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2018. 45(1): p. 77-84., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-017-3810-5

90. Durie, B. G., Waxman, A. D., D'Agnolo, A., Williams, C. M., Whole-body (18)F-FDG PET identifies high-risk myeloma, J Nucl Med, 2002. 43(11): p. 1457-63., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411548

91. Siontis, B., Kumar, S., Dispenzieri, A., Drake, M. T., Lacy, M. Q., Buadi, F., et.al. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography in the diagnostic evaluation of smoldering multiple myeloma: identification of patients needing therapy, Blood Cancer J, 2015. 5(10): p. e364., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26495861

92. Zamagni, E., Nanni, C., Gay, F., Pezzi, A., Patriarca, F., Bello, M., et.al. 18F-FDG PET/CT focal, but not osteolytic, lesions predict the progression of smoldering myeloma to active disease, Leukemia, 2016. 30(2): p. 417-22., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26490489

93. Moreau, P., Attal, M., Caillot, D., Macro, M., Karlin, L., Garderet, L., et.al. Prospective Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and [(18)F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography at Diagnosis and Before Maintenance Therapy in Symptomatic Patients With Multiple Myeloma Included in the IFM/DFCI 2009 Trial: Results of the IMAJEM Study, J Clin Oncol, 2017. 35(25): p. 2911-2918., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28686535

94. Gariani, J., Westerland, O., Natas, S., Verma, H., Cook, G., Goh, V., Comparison of whole body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) to whole body computed tomography (WBCT) or (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with myeloma: Systematic review of diagnostic performance, Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2018. 124: p. 66-72., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29548488

95. Weng, W. W., et al., A systematic review of MRI, scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT for diagnosis of multiple myeloma related bone disease--which is best?, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014. 15(22): p. 9879-9884.

96. Sachpekidis, C., Mai, E. K., Goldschmidt, H., Hillengass, J., Hose, D., Pan, L., et.al. (18)F-FDG dynamic PET/CT in patients with multiple myeloma: patterns of tracer uptake and correlation with bone marrow plasma cell infiltration rate, Clin Nucl Med, 2015. 40(6): p. e300-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25783508

97. Bartel, T. B., Haessler, J., Brown, T. L., Shaughnessy, J. D., Jr., van Rhee, F., Anaissie, E., et.al. F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the context of other imaging techniques and prognostic factors in multiple myeloma, Blood, 2009. 114(10): p. 2068-76., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19443657

98. Haznedar, R., Aki, S. Z., Akdemir, O. U., Ozkurt, Z. N., Ceneli, O., Yagci, M., et.al. Value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in positron emission tomography/computed tomography in predicting survival in multiple myeloma, Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2011. 38(6): p. 1046-53., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21287167

99. Tirumani, S. H., Sakellis, C., Jacene, H., Shinagare, A. B., Munshi, N. C., Ramaiya, N. H., et.al. Role of FDG-PET/CT in Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma: Correlation of FDG-PET/CT Findings With Clinical Outcome, Clin Nucl Med, 2016. 41(1): p. e7-13., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26252323

100. Zamagni, E., Patriarca, F., Nanni, C., Zannetti, B., Englaro, E., Pezzi, A., et.al. Prognostic relevance of 18-F FDG PET/CT in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with up-front autologous transplantation, Blood, 2011. 118(23): p. 5989-95., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900189

101. Patriarca, F., Carobolante, F., Zamagni, E., Montefusco, V., Bruno, B., Englaro, E., et.al. The role of positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose integrated with computed tomography in the evaluation of patients with multiple myeloma undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2015. 21(6): p. 1068-73., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25754658

102. Merz, M., Hielscher, T., Wagner, B., Sauer, S., Shah, S., Raab, M. S., et.al. Predictive value of longitudinal whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in patients with smoldering multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2014. 28(9): p. 1902-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24535407

103. Yuh, W. T., Zachar, C. K., Barloon, T. J., Sato, Y., Sickels, W. J., Hawes, D. R., Vertebral compression fractures: distinction between benign and malignant causes with MR imaging, Radiology, 1989. 172(1): p. 215-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2740506

104. Baker, L. L., Goodman, S. B., Perkash, I., Lane, B., Enzmann, D. R., Benign versus pathologic compression fractures of vertebral bodies: assessment with conventional spin-echo, chemical-shift, and STIR MR imaging, Radiology, 1990. 174(2): p. 495-502., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2296658

105. Baur, A., Stabler, A., Bruning, R., Bartl, R., Krodel, A., Reiser, M., et.al. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of bone marrow: differentiation of benign versus pathologic compression fractures, Radiology, 1998. 207(2): p. 349-56., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9577479

106. Derlin, T., Peldschus, K., Munster, S., Bannas, P., Herrmann, J., Stubig, T., et.al. Comparative diagnostic performance of (1)(8)F-FDG PET/CT versus whole-body MRI for determination of remission status in multiple myeloma after stem cell transplantation, Eur Radiol, 2013. 23(2): p. 570-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22843058

107. Boellaard, R., O'Doherty, M. J., Weber, W. A., Mottaghy, F. M., Lonsdale, M. N., Stroobants, S. G., et.al. FDG PET and PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour PET imaging: version 1.0, Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2010. 37(1): p. 181-200., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19915839

108. Fonti, R., Larobina, M., Del Vecchio, S., De Luca, S., Fabbricini, R., Catalano, L., et.al. Metabolic tumor volume assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT for the prediction of outcome in patients with multiple myeloma, J Nucl Med, 2012. 53(12): p. 1829-35., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23071351

109. Lapa, C., Luckerath, K., Malzahn, U., Samnick, S., Einsele, H., Buck, A. K., et.al. 18 FDG-PET/CT for prognostic stratification of patients with multiple myeloma relapse after stem cell transplantation, Oncotarget, 2014. 5(17): p. 7381-91., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25277179

110. Zamagni, E., Nanni, C., Mancuso, K., Tacchetti, P., Pezzi, A., Pantani, L., et.al. PET/CT Improves the Definition of Complete Response and Allows to Detect Otherwise Unidentifiable Skeletal Progression in Multiple Myeloma, Clin Cancer Res, 2015. 21(19): p. 4384-90., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26078390

111. Stolzenburg, A., Luckerath, K., Samnick, S., Speer, M., Kneer, K., Schmid, J. S., et.al. Prognostic value of [(18)F]FDG-PET/CT in multiple myeloma patients before and after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2018. 45(10): p. 1694-1704., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29610955

112. Caers, J., Paiva, B., Zamagni, E., Leleu, X., Blade, J., Kristinsson, S. Y., et.al. Diagnosis, treatment, and response assessment in solitary plasmacytoma: updated recommendations from a European Expert Panel, J Hematol Oncol, 2018. 11(1): p. 10., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29338789

113. Moulopoulos, L. A., Koutoulidis, V., Hillengass, J., Zamagni, E., Aquerreta, J. D., Roche, C. L., et.al. Recommendations for acquisition, interpretation and reporting of whole body low dose CT in patients with multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders: a report of the IMWG Bone Working Group, Blood Cancer J, 2018. 8(10): p. 95., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30287814

114. Bäuerle, T., Hillengass, J., Fechtner, K., Zechmann, C. M., Grenacher, L., Moehler, T. M., et.al. Multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: importance of whole-body versus spinal MR imaging, Radiology, 2009. 252(2): p. 477-85.

115. Boellaard, R., Delgado-Bolton, R., Oyen, W. J., Giammarile, F., Tatsch, K., Eschner, W., et.al. FDG PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour imaging: version 2.0, Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2015. 42(2): p. 328-54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25452219

116. Laubach, J., Garderet, L., Mahindra, A., Gahrton, G., Caers, J., Sezer, O., et.al. Management of relapsed multiple myeloma: recommendations of the International Myeloma Working Group, Leukemia, 2016. 30(5): p. 1005-17., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26710887

117. Vij, R., Kumar, S., Zhang, M. J., Zhong, X., Huang, J., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Impact of pretransplant therapy and depth of disease response before autologous transplantation for multiple myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2015. 21(2): p. 335-41., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25445028

118. Moreau, P., San Miguel, J., Sonneveld, P., Mateos, M. V., Zamagni, E., Avet-Loiseau, H., et.al. Multiple myeloma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up, Ann Oncol, 2017. 28(suppl_4): p. iv52-iv61., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28453614

119. Caers, J., Garderet, L., Kortum, K. M., O'Dwyer, M. E., van de Donk, Nwcj, Binder, M., et.al. European Myeloma Network recommendations on tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma: what to use and when, Haematologica, 2018. 103(11): p. 1772-1784., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30171031

120. Landgren, O., Devlin, S., Boulad, M., Mailankody, S., Role of MRD status in relation to clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: a meta-analysis, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2016. 51(12): p. 1565-1568., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27595280

121. Paiva, B., Vidriales, M. B., Cervero, J., Mateo, G., Perez, J. J., Montalban, M. A., et.al. Multiparameter flow cytometric remission is the most relevant prognostic factor for multiple myeloma patients who undergo autologous stem cell transplantation, Blood, 2008. 112(10): p. 4017-23., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18669875

122. Mateos, M. V., Oriol, A., Martinez-Lopez, J., Teruel, A. I., Lopez de la Guia, A., Lopez, J., et.al. GEM2005 trial update comparing VMP/VTP as induction in elderly multiple myeloma patients: do we still need alkylators?, Blood, 2014. 124(12): p. 1887-93., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25102853

123. Korde, N., Roschewski, M., Zingone, A., Kwok, M., Manasanch, E. E., Bhutani, M., et.al. Treatment With Carfilzomib-Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone With Lenalidomide Extension in Patients With Smoldering or Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, JAMA Oncol, 2015. 1(6): p. 746-54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26181891

124. Silvennoinen, R., Kairisto, V., Pelliniemi, T. T., Putkonen, M., Anttila, P., Saily, M., et.al. Assessment of molecular remission rate after bortezomib plus dexamethasone induction treatment and autologous stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients, Br J Haematol, 2013. 160(4): p. 561-4., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23206270

125. Munshi, N. C., Avet-Loiseau, H., Rawstron, A. C., Owen, R. G., Child, J. A., Thakurta, A., et.al. Association of Minimal Residual Disease With Superior Survival Outcomes in Patients With Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-analysis, JAMA Oncol, 2017. 3(1): p. 28-35., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27632282

126. Munshi, NC, Avet-Loiseau, H, Anderson, KC, Neri, P, Paiva, B, Samur, M, et.al. A large meta-analysis establishes the role of MRD negativity in long-term survival outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma., Blood Adv, 2020. 4 (23)(23): p. 5988-5999., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33284948/

127. EMA, Guideline on the use of minimal residual disease as a clinical endpoint in multiple myeloma studies, 2018.

128. FDA, Hematologic Malignancies: Regulatory Considerations for Use of Minimal Residual Disease in Development of Drug and Biological Products for Treatment. Guidance for Industry, 2018.

129. Kalina, T., Flores-Montero, J., van der Velden, V. H., Martin-Ayuso, M., Bottcher, S., Ritgen, M., et.al. EuroFlow standardization of flow cytometer instrument settings and immunophenotyping protocols, Leukemia, 2012. 26(9): p. 1986-2010., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22948490

130. van Dongen, J. J., Lhermitte, L., Bottcher, S., Almeida, J., van der Velden, V. H., Flores-Montero, J., et.al. EuroFlow antibody panels for standardized n-dimensional flow cytometric immunophenotyping of normal, reactive and malignant leukocytes, Leukemia, 2012. 26(9): p. 1908-75., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22552007

131. Ladetto, M., Bruggemann, M., Monitillo, L., Ferrero, S., Pepin, F., Drandi, D., et.al. Next-generation sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR for minimal residual disease detection in B-cell disorders, Leukemia, 2014. 28(6): p. 1299-307., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24342950

132. Martinez-Lopez, J., Lahuerta, J. J., Pepin, F., Gonzalez, M., Barrio, S., Ayala, R., et.al. Prognostic value of deep sequencing method for minimal residual disease detection in multiple myeloma, Blood, 2014. 123(20): p. 3073-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24646471

133. Merz, Maximilian, Hielscher, Thomas, Seckinger, Anja, Hose, Dirk, Bertsch, Uta, Neben, Kai, et.al. Longitudinal Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization at Primary Diagnosis and Relapse Reveals Clonal Evolution after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma, Blood, 2016. 128(22): p. 4415-4415., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V128.22.4415.4415

134. Sharma, M., Zhang, M. J., Zhong, X., Abidi, M. H., Akpek, G., Bacher, U., et.al. Older patients with myeloma derive similar benefit from autologous transplantation, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2014. 20(11): p. 1796-803., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25046833

135. Nazarian, R., Shi, H., Wang, Q., Kong, X., Koya, R. C., Lee, H., et.al. Melanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF(V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation, Nature, 2010. 468(7326): p. 973-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21107323

136. Raab, M. S., Breitkreutz, I., Anderhub, S., Ronnest, M. H., Leber, B., Larsen, T. O., et.al. GF-15, a novel inhibitor of centrosomal clustering, suppresses tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo, Cancer Res, 2012. 72(20): p. 5374-85., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22942257

137. Baertsch, M. A., Hundemer, M., Hillengass, J., Goldschmidt, H., Raab, M. S., Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in combination with pomalidomide can overcome refractoriness to both agents in multiple myeloma: A case-based approach, Hematol Oncol, 2018. 36(1): p. 258-261., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28840598

138. Duma, N., Azam, T., Riaz, I. B., Gonzalez-Velez, M., Ailawadhi, S., Go, R., Representation of Minorities and Elderly Patients in Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trials, Oncologist, 2018. 23(9): p. 1076-1078., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29700207

139. Zweegman, S., Engelhardt, M., Larocca, A., 'Aging, Eha Swg on, Hematology, Elderly patients with multiple myeloma: towards a frailty approach?, Curr Opin Oncol, 2017. 29(5): p. 315-321., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28763310

140. Gay, F., Engelhardt, M., Terpos, E., Wasch, R., Giaccone, L., Auner, H. W., et.al. From transplant to novel cellular therapies in multiple myeloma: European Myeloma Network guidelines and future perspectives, Haematologica, 2018. 103(2): p. 197-211., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29217780

141. Mikhael, J., Ismaila, N., Cheung, M. C., Costello, C., Dhodapkar, M. V., Kumar, S., et.al. Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: ASCO and CCO Joint Clinical Practice Guideline, J Clin Oncol, 2019. 37(14): p. 1228-1263., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30932732

142. Saini, N. Y., Patel, R., Varma, A., Bashir, Q., Delgado, R., Rondon, G., et.al. Melphalan-based autologous transplant in octogenarian multiple myeloma patients, Am J Hematol, 2019. 94(1): p. E2-E5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30300461

143. Gregersen, H., Vangsted, A. J., Abildgaard, N., Andersen, N. F., Pedersen, R. S., Frolund, U. C., et.al. The impact of comorbidity on mortality in multiple myeloma: a Danish nationwide population-based study, Cancer Med, 2017. 6(7): p. 1807-1816., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28639741

144. Saad, A., Mahindra, A., Zhang, M. J., Zhong, X., Costa, L. J., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Hematopoietic cell transplant comorbidity index is predictive of survival after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2014. 20(3): p. 402-408 e1., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24342394

145. Hari, P., Romanus, D., Luptakova, K., Blazer, M., Yong, C., Raju, A., et.al. The impact of age and comorbidities on practice patterns and outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the era of novel therapies, J Geriatr Oncol, 2018. 9(2): p. 138-144., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29056336

146. Rosko, A. E., Huang, Y., Benson, D. M., Efebera, Y. A., Hofmeister, C., Jaglowski, S., et.al. Use of a comprehensive frailty assessment to predict morbidity in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing transplant, J Geriatr Oncol, 2019. 10(3): p. 479-485., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29983352

147. Kumar, S. K., Callander, N. S., Alsina, M., Atanackovic, D., Biermann, J. S., Castillo, J., et.al. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Multiple Myeloma, Version 3.2018, J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2018. 16(1): p. 11-20., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29295877

148. Mian, H., Brouwers, M., Kouroukis, C. T., Wildes, T. M., Comparison of Frailty Scores in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Review, J Frailty Aging, 2019. 8(4): p. 215-221., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31637409

149. Cook, G., Larocca, A., Facon, T., Zweegman, S., Engelhardt, M., Defining the vulnerable patient with myeloma-a frailty position paper of the European Myeloma Network, Leukemia, 2020. 34(9): p. 2285-2294., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32555295

150. Engelhardt, M., Dold, S. M., Ihorst, G., Zober, A., Moller, M., Reinhardt, H., et.al. Geriatric assessment in multiple myeloma patients: validation of the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) score and comparison with other common comorbidity scores, Haematologica, 2016. 101(9): p. 1110-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27479825

151. Gengenbach, L., Reinhardt, H., Ihorst, G., Ajayi, S., Dold, S. M., Kohler, M., et.al. Navigating the changing multiple myeloma treatment landscape: clinical practice patterns of MM patients treated in- and outside German DSMM study group trials, Leuk Lymphoma, 2018. 59(11): p. 2692-2699., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29569975

152. Waldschmidt, J. M., Keller, A., Ihorst, G., Grishina, O., Muller, S., Wider, D., et.al. Safety and efficacy of vorinostat, bortezomib, doxorubicin and dexamethasone in a phase I/II study for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (VERUMM study: vorinostat in elderly, relapsed and unfit multiple myeloma), Haematologica, 2018. 103(10): p. e473-e479., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29674494

153. Greil, C., Engelhardt, M., Ihorst, G., Schoeller, K., Bertz, H., Marks, R., et.al. Allogeneic transplantation of multiple myeloma patients may allow long-term survival in carefully selected patients with acceptable toxicity and preserved quality of life, Haematologica, 2019. 104(2): p. 370-379., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237266

154. Kuchlin, S., Duffner, J., Scheubeck, S., Schoeller, K., Maruschke, L., Seidl, M., et.al. Kidney embolization induces prompt organ response in a 86-year-old patient with MGRS-related AL-amyloidosis, Hemodial Int, 2019. 23(2): p. E59-E64., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30548910

155. Larocca, Alessandra, Salvini, Marco, De Paoli, Lorenzo, Cascavilla, Nicola, Benevolo, Giulia, Galli, Monica, et.al. Efficacy and Feasibility of Dose/Schedule-Adjusted Rd-R Vs. Continuous Rd in Elderly and Intermediate-Fit Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (NDMM) Patients: RV-MM-PI-0752 Phase III Randomized Study, Blood, 2018. 132(Supplement 1): p. 305-305., http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/BLOOD-2018-99-111796

156. Wildiers, H., Heeren, P., Puts, M., Topinkova, E., Janssen-Heijnen, M. L., Extermann, M., et.al. International Society of Geriatric Oncology consensus on geriatric assessment in older patients with cancer, J Clin Oncol, 2014. 32(24): p. 2595-603., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25071125

157. Decoster, L., Van Puyvelde, K., Mohile, S., Wedding, U., Basso, U., Colloca, G., et.al. Screening tools for multidimensional health problems warranting a geriatric assessment in older cancer patients: an update on SIOG recommendationsdagger, Ann Oncol, 2015. 26(2): p. 288-300., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24936581

158. Mohile, S. G., Dale, W., Somerfield, M. R., Schonberg, M. A., Boyd, C. M., Burhenn, P. S., et.al. Practical Assessment and Management of Vulnerabilities in Older Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: ASCO Guideline for Geriatric Oncology, J Clin Oncol, 2018. 36(22): p. 2326-2347., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29782209

159. Jolly, T. A., Deal, A. M., Nyrop, K. A., Williams, G. R., Pergolotti, M., Wood, W. A., et.al. Geriatric assessment-identified deficits in older cancer patients with normal performance status, Oncologist, 2015. 20(4): p. 379-85., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25765876

160. Hurria, A., Togawa, K., Mohile, S. G., Owusu, C., Klepin, H. D., Gross, C. P., et.al. Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in older adults with cancer: a prospective multicenter study, J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(25): p. 3457-65., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21810685

161. Puts, M. T., Hardt, J., Monette, J., Girre, V., Springall, E., Alibhai, S. M., Use of geriatric assessment for older adults in the oncology setting: a systematic review, J Natl Cancer Inst, 2012. 104(15): p. 1133-63., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851269

162. Hamaker, M. E., Prins, M. C., Stauder, R., The relevance of a geriatric assessment for elderly patients with a haematological malignancy--a systematic review, Leuk Res, 2014. 38(3): p. 275-83., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24439052

163. Puts, M. T., Santos, B., Hardt, J., Monette, J., Girre, V., Atenafu, E. G., et.al. An update on a systematic review of the use of geriatric assessment for older adults in oncology, Ann Oncol, 2014. 25(2): p. 307-15., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24256847

164. Hamaker, M. E., Te Molder, M., Thielen, N., van Munster, B. C., Schiphorst, A. H., van Huis, L. H., The effect of a geriatric evaluation on treatment decisions and outcome for older cancer patients - A systematic review, J Geriatr Oncol, 2018. 9(5): p. 430-440., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29631898

165. Magnuson, A., Allore, H., Cohen, H. J., Mohile, S. G., Williams, G. R., Chapman, A., et.al. Geriatric assessment with management in cancer care: Current evidence and potential mechanisms for future research, J Geriatr Oncol, 2016. 7(4): p. 242-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27197915

166. Goede, V., Stauder, R., Multidisciplinary care in the hematology clinic: Implementation of geriatric oncology, J Geriatr Oncol, 2019. 10(3): p. 497-503., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30241779

167. Goede, V., Wedding, U., Vom geriatrischen Assessment zur geriatrischen Intervention, Der Onkologe, 2019. 25(9): p. 776-783., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-019-0573-6

168. Kyle, R. A., Multiple myeloma: review of 869 cases, Mayo Clin Proc, 1975. 50(1): p. 29-40., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1110582

169. Alexanian, R., Barlogie, B., Dixon, D., Renal failure in multiple myeloma. Pathogenesis and prognostic implications, Arch Intern Med, 1990. 150(8): p. 1693-5.

170. Knudsen, L. M., Hippe, E., Hjorth, M., Holmberg, E., Westin, J., Renal function in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma--a demographic study of 1353 patients. The Nordic Myeloma Study Group, Eur J Haematol, 1994. 53(4): p. 207-12., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7957804

171. Bladé, J., Fernández-Llama, P., Bosch, F., Montolíu, J., Lens, X. M., Montoto, S., et.al. Renal failure in multiple myeloma: presenting features and predictors of outcome in 94 patients from a single institution, Arch Intern Med, 1998. 158(17): p. 1889-93.

172. Knudsen, L. M., Hjorth, M., Hippe, E., Renal failure in multiple myeloma: reversibility and impact on the prognosis. Nordic Myeloma Study Group, Eur J Haematol, 2000. 65(3): p. 175-81., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11007053

173. Soares, S. M., Fervenza, F. C., Lager, D. J., Gertz, M. A., Cosio, F. G., Leung, N., Bleeding complications after transcutaneous kidney biopsy in patients with systemic amyloidosis: single-center experience in 101 patients, Am J Kidney Dis, 2008. 52(6): p. 1079-83., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18649980

174. Fish, R., Pinney, J., Jain, P., Addison, C., Jones, C., Jayawardene, S., et.al. The incidence of major hemorrhagic complications after renal biopsies in patients with monoclonal gammopathies, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2010. 5(11): p. 1977-80., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20651154

175. Leung, N., Bridoux, F., Hutchison, C. A., Nasr, S. H., Cockwell, P., Fermand, J. P., et.al. Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: when MGUS is no longer undetermined or insignificant, Blood, 2012. 120(22): p. 4292-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23047823

176. Leung, N., Bridoux, F., Batuman, V., Chaidos, A., Cockwell, P., D'Agati, V. D., et.al. The evaluation of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: a consensus report of the International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy Research Group, Nat Rev Nephrol, 2019. 15(1): p. 45-59., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30510265

177. Summary of Recommendation Statements, Kidney international supplements, 2012. 2(1): p. 8-12., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25018916, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4089654/

178. Desport, E., Bridoux, F., Sirac, C., Delbes, S., Bender, S., Fernandez, B., et.al. Al amyloidosis, Orphanet J Rare Dis, 2012. 7(1): p. 54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22909024

179. Ludwig, H., Adam, Z., Hajek, R., Greil, R., Tothova, E., Keil, F., et.al. Light chain-induced acute renal failure can be reversed by bortezomib-doxorubicin-dexamethasone in multiple myeloma: results of a phase II study, J Clin Oncol, 2010. 28(30): p. 4635-41., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20823423

180. Dimopoulos, M. A., Roussou, M., Gkotzamanidou, M., Nikitas, N., Psimenou, E., Mparmparoussi, D., et.al. The role of novel agents on the reversibility of renal impairment in newly diagnosed symptomatic patients with multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2013. 27(2): p. 423-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22763386

181. Kooiman, J., Pasha, S. M., Zondag, W., Sijpkens, Y. W., van der Molen, A. J., Huisman, M. V., et.al. Meta-analysis: serum creatinine changes following contrast enhanced CT imaging, Eur J Radiol, 2012. 81(10): p. 2554-61., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22177326

182. Moos, S. I., van Vemde, D. N., Stoker, J., Bipat, S., Contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing intravenous (IV) contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and the relationship with risk factors: a meta-analysis, Eur J Radiol, 2013. 82(9): p. e387-99., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23711425

183. van der Molen, A. J., Reimer, P., Dekkers, I. A., Bongartz, G., Bellin, M. F., Bertolotto, M., et.al. Post-contrast acute kidney injury - Part 1: Definition, clinical features, incidence, role of contrast medium and risk factors : Recommendations for updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines, Eur Radiol, 2018. 28(7): p. 2845-2855., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29426991

184. van der Molen, A. J., Reimer, P., Dekkers, I. A., Bongartz, G., Bellin, M. F., Bertolotto, M., et.al. Post-contrast acute kidney injury. Part 2: risk stratification, role of hydration and other prophylactic measures, patients taking metformin and chronic dialysis patients : Recommendations for updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines, Eur Radiol, 2018. 28(7): p. 2856-2869., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29417249

185. San Miguel, JF, Lahuerta, JJ, García-Sanz, R, Alegre, A, Bladé, J, Martinez, R, et.al. Are myeloma patients with renal failure candidates for autologous stem cell transplantation?, Hematol J, 2000. 1 (1)(1): p. 28-36., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11920166/

186. Lee, CK, Zangari, M, Barlogie, B, Fassas, A, van Rhee, F, Thertulien, R, et.al. Dialysis-dependent renal failure in patients with myeloma can be reversed by high-dose myeloablative therapy and autotransplant., Bone Marrow Transplant, 2004. 33 (8)(8): p. 823-8., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14767499/

187. Chen, N, Lau, H, Kong, L, Kumar, G, Zeldis, JB, Knight, R, et.al. Pharmacokinetics of lenalidomide in subjects with various degrees of renal impairment and in subjects on hemodialysis., J Clin Pharmacol, 2007. 47 (12)(12): p. 1466-75., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17954615/

188. Dimopoulos, MA, Christoulas, D, Roussou, M, Kastritis, E, Migkou, M, Gavriatopoulou, M, et.al. Lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma: dosing of lenalidomide according to renal function and effect on renal impairment., Eur J Haematol, 2010. 85 (1)(1): p. 1-5., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20192988/

189. Li, Y, Wang, X, O'Mara, E, Dimopoulos, MA, Sonneveld, P, Weisel, KC, et.al. Population pharmacokinetics of pomalidomide in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma with various degrees of impaired renal function., Clin Pharmacol, 2017. 9 (): p. 133-145., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29184451/

190. Gupta, N, Zhao, Y, Hui, AM, Esseltine, DL, Venkatakrishnan, K, Switching from body surface area-based to fixed dosing for the investigational proteasome inhibitor ixazomib: a population pharmacokinetic analysis., Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2015. 79 (5)(5): p. 789-800., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25377318/

191. Gupta, N, Hanley, MJ, Harvey, RD, Badros, A, Lipe, B, Kukreti, V, et.al. A pharmacokinetics and safety phase 1/1b study of oral ixazomib in patients with multiple myeloma and severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease requiring haemodialysis., Br J Haematol, 2016. 174 (5)(5): p. 748-59., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27196567/

192. Ball, S, Behera, TR, Anwer, F, Chakraborty, R, Risk of kidney toxicity with carfilzomib in multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials., Ann Hematol, 2020. 99 (6)(6): p. 1265-1271., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32382772/

193. Berdeja, J, Jagannath, S, Zonder, J, Badros, A, Kaufman, JL, Manges, R, et.al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Elotuzumab Combined With Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Patients With Multiple Myeloma and Various Levels of Renal Impairment: Results of a Phase Ib Study., Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2016. 16 (3)(3): p. 129-38., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26795075/

194. Cejalvo, MJ, Legarda, M, Abella, E, Cabezudo, E, Encinas, C, García-Feria, A, et.al. Single-agent daratumumab in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma requiring dialysis: results of a Spanish retrospective, multicentre study., Br J Haematol, 2020. 190 (5)(5): p. e289-e292., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31792926/

195. Adults, M. W. P. O. L. I., Analysis And Management Of Renal Failure In Fourth MRC Myelomatosis Trial, British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition), 1984. 288: p. 1411–1416.

196. Sanders, P. W., Booker, B. B., Pathobiology of cast nephropathy from human Bence Jones proteins, J Clin Invest, 1992. 89(2): p. 630-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1737851

197. Holland, M. D., Galla, J. H., Sanders, P. W., Luke, R. G., Effect of urinary pH and diatrizoate on Bence Jones protein nephrotoxicity in the rat, Kidney Int, 1985. 27(1): p. 46-50., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2984452

198. Sathick, I. J., Drosou, M. E., Leung, N., Myeloma light chain cast nephropathy, a review, J Nephrol, 2019. 32(2): p. 189-198., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29730782

199. Heher, E. C., Goes, N. B., Spitzer, T. R., Raje, N. S., Humphreys, B. D., Anderson, K. C., et.al. Kidney disease associated with plasma cell dyscrasias, Blood, 2010. 116(9): p. 1397-404., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20462963

200. Hutchison, C. A., Cockwell, P., Moroz, V., Bradwell, A. R., Fifer, L., Gillmore, J. D., et.al. High cutoff versus high-flux haemodialysis for myeloma cast nephropathy in patients receiving bortezomib-based chemotherapy (EuLITE): a phase 2 randomised controlled trial, Lancet Haematol, 2019. 6(4): p. e217-e228., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30872075

201. Bridoux, F., Carron, P. L., Pegourie, B., Alamartine, E., Augeul-Meunier, K., Karras, A., et.al. Effect of High-Cutoff Hemodialysis vs Conventional Hemodialysis on Hemodialysis Independence Among Patients With Myeloma Cast Nephropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA, 2017. 318(21): p. 2099-2110., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29209721

202. Clark, W. F., Stewart, A. K., Rock, G. A., Sternbach, M., Sutton, D. M., Barrett, B. J., et.al. Plasma exchange when myeloma presents as acute renal failure: a randomized, controlled trial, Ann Intern Med, 2005. 143(11): p. 777-84., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16330788

203. Cairns, H. S., Dawnay, A., Woolfson, R. G., Unwin, R. J., Evaluation of therapy for cast nephropathy: failure of colchicine to alter urinary Tamm Horsfall glycoprotein excretion in normal subjects, Exp Nephrol, 1994. 2(4): p. 257-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8069661

204. Schwartz, J., Padmanabhan, A., Aqui, N., Balogun, R. A., Connelly-Smith, L., Delaney, M., et.al. Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Seventh Special Issue, J Clin Apher, 2016. 31(3): p. 149-62., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27322218

205. Muchtar, E., Gertz, M. A., Kumar, S. K., Lacy, M. Q., Dingli, D., Buadi, F. K., et.al. Improved outcomes for newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis between 2000 and 2014: cracking the glass ceiling of early death, Blood, 2017. 129(15): p. 2111-2119., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28126928

206. Sidiqi, M. H., Aljama, M. A., Jevremovic, D., Muchtar, E., Buadi, F. K., Warsame, R., et.al. Prognostic Significance of Stringent Complete Response after Stem Cell Transplantation in Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2018. 24(11): p. 2360-2364., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29964192

207. Sidana, S., Sidiqi, M. H., Dispenzieri, A., Buadi, F. K., Lacy, M. Q., Muchtar, E., et.al. Fifteen year overall survival rates after autologous stem cell transplantation for AL amyloidosis, Am J Hematol, 2019. 94(9): p. 1020-1026., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31254301

208. Chapter 2: Definition, identification, and prediction of CKD progression, Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2013. 3(1): p. 63-72., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25018976

209. Chapter 5: Referral to specialists and models of care, Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2013. 3(1): p. 112-119., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599001

210. Chapter 3: Management of progression and complications of CKD, Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2013. 3(1): p. 73-90., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25598999

211. Chapter 4: Other complications of CKD: CVD, medication dosage, patient safety, infections, hospitalizations, and caveats for investigating complications of CKD, Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2013. 3(1): p. 91-111., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599000

212. Vertebral Augmentation Involving Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty for Cancer-Related Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Systematic Review, Ont Health Technol Assess Ser, 2016. 16(11): p. 1-202.

213. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, C. K. D. M. B. D. Update Work Group, KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD), Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2017. 7(1): p. 1-59., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30675420

214. Nissenson, A. R., Gentile, D. E., Soderblom, R. E., Oliver, D. F., Brax, C., Morbidity and mortality of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: regional experience and long-term prospects, Am J Kidney Dis, 1986. 7(3): p. 229-34., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3082189

215. Nelson, C. B., Port, F. K., Wolfe, R. A., Guire, K. E., Comparison of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patient survival with evaluation of trends during the 1980s, J Am Soc Nephrol, 1992. 3(5): p. 1147-55., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1482753

216. O'Donoghue, D., Manos, J., Pearson, R., Scott, P., Bakran, A., Johnson, R., et.al. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and renal transplantation: a ten-year experience in a single center, Perit Dial Int, 1992. 12(2): p. 242, 245-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1586689

217. Tzamaloukas, A. H., Yuan, Z. Y., Balaskas, E., Oreopoulos, D. G., CAPD in end stage patients with renal disease due to diabetes mellitus--an update, Adv Perit Dial, 1992. 8: p. 185-91., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1361783

218. Held, P. J., Port, F. K., Turenne, M. N., Gaylin, D. S., Hamburger, R. J., Wolfe, R. A., Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: comparison of patient mortality with adjustment for comorbid conditions, Kidney Int, 1994. 45(4): p. 1163-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8007587

219. Fenton, S. S., Schaubel, D. E., Desmeules, M., Morrison, H. I., Mao, Y., Copleston, P., et.al. Hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis: a comparison of adjusted mortality rates, Am J Kidney Dis, 1997. 30(3): p. 334-42., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9292560

220. Vonesh, E. F., Moran, J., Mortality in end-stage renal disease: a reassessment of differences between patients treated with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, J Am Soc Nephrol, 1999. 10(2): p. 354-65., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10215336

221. Murphy, S. W., Foley, R. N., Barrett, B. J., Kent, G. M., Morgan, J., Barre, P., et.al. Comparative mortality of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in Canada, Kidney Int, 2000. 57(4): p. 1720-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10760108

222. Locatelli, F., Marcelli, D., Conte, F., D'Amico, M., Vecchio, L. D., Limido, A., et.al. Survival and development of cardiovascular disease by modality of treatment in patients with end-stage renal disease, J Am Soc Nephrol, 2001. 12(11): p. 2411-2417., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11675417

223. Johansen, K. L., Zhang, R., Huang, Y., Chen, S. C., Blagg, C. R., Goldfarb-Rumyantzev, A. S., et.al. Survival and hospitalization among patients using nocturnal and short daily compared to conventional hemodialysis: a USRDS study, Kidney Int, 2009. 76(9): p. 984-90., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19692997

224. Tsakiris, D. J., Stel, V. S., Finne, P., Fraser, E., Heaf, J., de Meester, J., et.al. Incidence and outcome of patients starting renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease due to multiple myeloma or light-chain deposit disease: an ERA-EDTA Registry study, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2010. 25(4): p. 1200-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20037169

225. Patchell, R. A., Tibbs, P. A., Regine, W. F., Payne, R., Saris, S., Kryscio, R. J., et.al. Direct decompressive surgical resection in the treatment of spinal cord compression caused by metastatic cancer: a randomised trial, Lancet, 2005. 366(9486): p. 643-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16112300

226. Fehlings, M. G., Nater, A., Tetreault, L., Kopjar, B., Arnold, P., Dekutoski, M., et.al. Survival and Clinical Outcomes in Surgically Treated Patients With Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression: Results of the Prospective Multicenter AOSpine Study, J Clin Oncol, 2016. 34(3): p. 268-76., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26598751

227. Rades, D., Segedin, B., Conde-Moreno, A. J., Garcia, R., Perpar, A., Metz, M., et.al. Radiotherapy With 4 Gy x 5 Versus 3 Gy x 10 for Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression: Final Results of the SCORE-2 Trial (ARO 2009/01), J Clin Oncol, 2016. 34(6): p. 597-602., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26729431

228. Health Quality, Ontario, Vertebral Augmentation Involving Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty for Cancer-Related Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Systematic Review, Ont Health Technol Assess Ser, 2016. 16(11): p. 1-202., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27298655

229. Sadeghi-Naini, M., Aarabi, S., Shokraneh, F., Janani, L., Vaccaro, A. R., Rahimi-Movaghar, V., Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty for Metastatic Spinal Lesions: A Systematic Review, Clin Spine Surg, 2018. 31(5): p. 203-210., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29283901

230. Rades, D., Hoskin, P. J., Stalpers, L. J., Schulte, R., Poortmans, P., Veninga, T., et.al. Short-course radiotherapy is not optimal for spinal cord compression due to myeloma, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2006. 64(5): p. 1452-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16413695

231. Matuschek, C., Ochtrop, T. A., Bolke, E., Ganswindt, U., Fenk, R., Gripp, S., et.al. Effects of Radiotherapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a retrospective analysis of a Single Institution, Radiat Oncol, 2015. 10: p. 71., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25889851

232. Rudzianskiene, M., Inciura, A., Gerbutavicius, R., Rudzianskas, V., Macas, A., Simoliuniene, R., et.al. Single vs. multiple fraction regimens for palliative radiotherapy treatment of multiple myeloma : A prospective randomised study, Strahlenther Onkol, 2017. 193(9): p. 742-749., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28573476

233. Lang, K., Konig, L., Bruckner, T., Forster, R., Sprave, T., Schlampp, I., et.al. Stability of Spinal Bone Lesions in Patients With Multiple Myeloma After Radiotherapy-A Retrospective Analysis of 130 Cases, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2017. 17(12): p. e99-e107., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28993162

234. Lee, S. S., Lee, J. J., Efficacy and Safety of Melphalan, Cyclophosphamide and Dexamethasone (MCD) as a Salvage Treatment for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma, Chonnam Med J, 2019. 55(1): p. 25-30., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30740337

235. Talamo, G., Dimaio, C., Abbi, K. K., Pandey, M. K., Malysz, J., Creer, M. H., et.al. Current role of radiation therapy for multiple myeloma, Front Oncol, 2015. 5: p. 40., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25741475

236. Rades, D., Conde-Moreno, A. J., Cacicedo, J., Segedin, B., Rudat, V., Schild, S. E., Excellent outcomes after radiotherapy alone for malignant spinal cord compression from myeloma, Radiol Oncol, 2016. 50(3): p. 337-40., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27679551

237. Rades, D., Panzner, A., Rudat, V., Karstens, J. H., Schild, S. E., Dose escalation of radiotherapy for metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) in patients with relatively favorable survival prognosis, Strahlenther Onkol, 2011. 187(11): p. 729-35., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22037654

238. Yaneva, M. P., Goranova-Marinova, V., Goranov, S., Palliative radiotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma, J BUON, 2006. 11(1): p. 43-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17318951

239. Stolting, T., Knauerhase, H., Klautke, G., Kundt, G., Fietkau, R., Total and single doses influence the effectiveness of radiotherapy in palliative treatment of plasmacytoma, Strahlenther Onkol, 2008. 184(9): p. 465-72., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19016025

240. Balducci, M., Chiesa, S., Manfrida, S., Rossi, E., Za, T., Frascino, V., et.al. Impact of radiotherapy on pain relief and recalcification in plasma cell neoplasms: long-term experience, Strahlenther Onkol, 2011. 187(2): p. 114-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21336712

241. Audat, Z. A., Hajyousef, M. H., Fawareh, M. D., Alawneh, K. M., Odat, M. A., Barbarawi, M. M., et.al. Comparison if the addition of multilevel vertebral augmentation to conventional therapy will improve the outcome of patients with multiple myeloma, Scoliosis Spinal Disord, 2016. 11: p. 47., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28050604

242. Kasperk, C., Haas, A., Hillengass, J., Weiss, C., Neben, K., Goldschmidt, H., et.al. Kyphoplasty in patients with multiple myeloma a retrospective comparative pilot study, J Surg Oncol, 2012. 105(7): p. 679-86., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21960293

243. Rajkumar, S. V., Larson, D., Kyle, R. A., Diagnosis of smoldering multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2011. 365(5): p. 474-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21812699

244. Kastritis, E., Terpos, E., Moulopoulos, L., Spyropoulou-Vlachou, M., Kanellias, N., Eleftherakis-Papaiakovou, E., et.al. Extensive bone marrow infiltration and abnormal free light chain ratio identifies patients with asymptomatic myeloma at high risk for progression to symptomatic disease, Leukemia, 2013. 27(4): p. 947-53., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23183429

245. Waxman, A. J., Mick, R., Garfall, A. L., Cohen, A., Vogl, D. T., Stadtmauer, E. A., et.al. Classifying ultra-high risk smoldering myeloma, Leukemia, 2015. 29(3): p. 751-3., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25371175

246. Rajkumar, S. V., Fonseca, R., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Lust, J. A., Witzig, T. E., et.al. Methods for estimation of bone marrow plasma cell involvement in myeloma: predictive value for response and survival in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation, Am J Hematol, 2001. 68(4): p. 269-75., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11754416

247. Larsen, J. T., Kumar, S. K., Dispenzieri, A., Kyle, R. A., Katzmann, J. A., Rajkumar, S. V., Serum free light chain ratio as a biomarker for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2013. 27(4): p. 941-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23183428

248. Kastritis, E., Moulopoulos, L. A., Terpos, E., Koutoulidis, V., Dimopoulos, M. A., The prognostic importance of the presence of more than one focal lesion in spine MRI of patients with asymptomatic (smoldering) multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2014. 28(12): p. 2402-3., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25079172

249. Mateos, M. V., Hernandez, M. T., Giraldo, P., de la Rubia, J., de Arriba, F., Lopez Corral, L., et.al. Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2013. 369(5): p. 438-47., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23902483

250. Brighton, T. A., Khot, A., Harrison, S. J., Ghez, D., Weiss, B. M., Kirsch, A., et.al. Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study of Siltuximab in High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, Clin Cancer Res, 2019. 25(13): p. 3772-3775., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30890552

251. Dispenzieri, A., Kyle, R. A., Neurological aspects of multiple myeloma and related disorders, Best Pract Res Clin Haematol, 2005. 18(4): p. 673-88., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16026744

252. Humeniuk, M. S., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Kyle, R. A., Witzig, T. E., Kumar, S. K., et.al. Outcomes of patients with POEMS syndrome treated initially with radiation, Blood, 2013. 122(1): p. 68-73., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23699599

253. Dispenzieri, A., POEMS syndrome: 2017 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management, Am J Hematol, 2017. 92(8): p. 814-829., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28699668

254. Kuwabara, S., Dispenzieri, A., Arimura, K., Misawa, S., Nakaseko, C., Treatment for POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes) syndrome, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2012. 2012(6): p. CD006828., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22696361

255. Royer, B., Merlusca, L., Abraham, J., Musset, L., Haroche, J., Choquet, S., et.al. Efficacy of lenalidomide in POEMS syndrome: a retrospective study of 20 patients, Am J Hematol, 2013. 88(3): p. 207-12., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335406

256. Zagouri, F., Kastritis, E., Gavriatopoulou, M., Sergentanis, T. N., Psaltopoulou, T., Terpos, E., et.al. Lenalidomide in patients with POEMS syndrome: a systematic review and pooled analysis, Leuk Lymphoma, 2014. 55(9): p. 2018-23., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24295131

257. Cai, Q. Q., Wang, C., Cao, X. X., Cai, H., Zhou, D. B., Li, J., Efficacy and safety of low-dose lenalidomide plus dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory POEMS syndrome, Eur J Haematol, 2015. 95(4): p. 325-30., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25401269

258. He, H., Fu, W., Du, J., Jiang, H., Hou, J., Successful treatment of newly diagnosed POEMS syndrome with reduced-dose bortezomib based regimen, Br J Haematol, 2018. 181(1): p. 126-128., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146276

259. Jaccard, A., Royer, B., Bordessoule, D., Brouet, J. C., Fermand, J. P., High-dose therapy and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in POEMS syndrome, Blood, 2002. 99(8): p. 3057-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11929800

260. Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Hayman, S. R., Kumar, S. K., Buadi, F., Dingli, D., et.al. Peripheral blood stem cell transplant for POEMS syndrome is associated with high rates of engraftment syndrome, Eur J Haematol, 2008. 80(5): p. 397-406., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18221391

261. Kuwabara, S., Misawa, S., Kanai, K., Suzuki, Y., Kikkawa, Y., Sawai, S., et.al. Neurologic improvement after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in POEMS syndrome, Neurology, 2008. 71(21): p. 1691-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18832140

262. D'Souza, A., Lacy, M., Gertz, M., Kumar, S., Buadi, F., Hayman, S., et.al. Long-term outcomes after autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with POEMS syndrome (osteosclerotic myeloma): a single-center experience, Blood, 2012. 120(1): p. 56-62., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611150

263. Fermand, J. P., Bridoux, F., Dispenzieri, A., Jaccard, A., Kyle, R. A., Leung, N., et.al. Monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance: a novel concept with therapeutic implications, Blood, 2018. 132(14): p. 1478-1485., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30012636

264. Lee, H., , L. Street, , J. Tay, , J. Grossman, , J. F. Thaell, , D. Goodyear, , et.al. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Clinical Significance - a Single Center Experience, Blood, 2018. 132: p. 4495-4495.

265. Bridoux, F., Leung, N., Hutchison, C. A., Touchard, G., Sethi, S., Fermand, J. P., et.al. Diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, Kidney Int, 2015. 87(4): p. 698-711., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25607108

266. Czarnecki, P. G., Lager, D. J., Leung, N., Dispenzieri, A., Cosio, F. G., Fervenza, F. C., Long-term outcome of kidney transplantation in patients with fibrillary glomerulonephritis or monoclonal gammopathy with fibrillary deposits, Kidney Int, 2009. 75(4): p. 420-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19037251

267. Herrmann, S. M., Gertz, M. A., Stegall, M. D., Dispenzieri, A., Cosio, F. C., Kumar, S., et.al. Long-term outcomes of patients with light chain amyloidosis (AL) after renal transplantation with or without stem cell transplantation, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2011. 26(6): p. 2032-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21543655

268. Cohen, C., Royer, B., Javaugue, V., Szalat, R., El Karoui, K., Caulier, A., et.al. Bortezomib produces high hematological response rates with prolonged renal survival in monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, Kidney Int, 2015. 88(5): p. 1135-43., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26176826

269. Sayed, R. H., Wechalekar, A. D., Gilbertson, J. A., Bass, P., Mahmood, S., Sachchithanantham, S., et.al. Natural history and outcome of light chain deposition disease, Blood, 2015. 126(26): p. 2805-10., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26392598

270. Fakhri, B., Fiala, M. A., Tuchman, S. A., Wildes, T. M., Undertreatment of Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Therapies, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2018. 18(3): p. 219-224., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29429818

271. Gay, F., Genuardi, M., Hajek, R., Petrucci, M. T., Pour, L., Falcone, A. P., et.al. Improved overall survival with autologous transplantation vs cyclophosphamide-lenalidomide-dexamethasone in newly diagnosed myeloma: a phase 3 trial, Haematologica, 2015. 100: p. 1., https://www.cochranelibrary.com/central/doi/10.1002/central/CN-01108182/full

272. Palumbo, A., Cavallo, F., Gay, F., Di Raimondo, F., Ben Yehuda, D., Petrucci, M. T., et.al. Autologous transplantation and maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2014. 371(10): p. 895-905., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25184862

273. Cavo, Michele, Hájek, Roman, Pantani, Lucia, Beksac, Meral, Oliva, Stefania, Dozza, Luca, et.al. Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Versus Bortezomib-Melphalan-Prednisone for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Second Interim Analysis of the Phase 3 EMN02/HO95 Study, Blood, 2017. 130(Supplement 1): p. 397-397., https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/130/Supplement%201/397/71707/Autologous-Stem-Cell-Transplantation-Versus

274. Attal, M., Lauwers-Cances, V., Hulin, C., Leleu, X., Caillot, D., Escoffre, M., et.al. Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone with Transplantation for Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2017. 376(14): p. 1311-1320., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28379796

275. Dhakal, B., Szabo, A., Chhabra, S., Hamadani, M., D'Souza, A., Usmani, S. Z., et.al. Autologous Transplantation for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Agent Induction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, JAMA Oncol, 2018. 4(3): p. 343-350., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29302684

276. Su, B., Zhu, X., Jiang, Y., Wang, L., Zhao, N., Ran, X., et.al. A meta-analysis of autologous transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents, Leuk Lymphoma, 2019. 60(6): p. 1381-1388., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30516074

277. Cavo, Michele, Gay, Francesca, Beksac, Meral, Pantani, Lucia, Petrucci, Maria Teresa, Dimopoulos, Meletios A., et.al. Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation versus bortezomib–melphalan–prednisone, with or without bortezomib–lenalidomide–dexamethasone consolidation therapy, and lenalidomide maintenance for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (EMN02/HO95): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study, The Lancet Haematology, 2020. 7(6): p. e456-e468., https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352302620300995

278. Auner, H. W., Szydlo, R., Hoek, J., Goldschmidt, H., Stoppa, A. M., Morgan, G. J., et.al. Trends in autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in Europe: increased use and improved outcomes in elderly patients in recent years, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2015. 50(2): p. 209-15., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25387088

279. Garderet, L., Beohou, E., Caillot, D., Stoppa, A. M., Touzeau, C., Chretien, M. L., et.al. Upfront autologous stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed elderly multiple myeloma patients: a prospective multicenter study, Haematologica, 2016. 101(11): p. 1390-1397., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27612987

280. Mahindra, A., Hari, P., Fraser, R., Fei, M., Huang, J., Berdeja, J., et.al. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma patients with renal insufficiency: a center for international blood and marrow transplant research analysis, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2017. 52(12): p. 1616-1622., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28920949

281. Stewart, A. K., Trudel, S., Bahlis, N. J., White, D., Sabry, W., Belch, A., et.al. A randomized phase 3 trial of thalidomide and prednisone as maintenance therapy after ASCT in patients with MM with a quality-of-life assessment: the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinicals Trials Group Myeloma 10 Trial, Blood, 2013. 121(9): p. 1517-23., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23297129

282. Facon, T., Mary, J. Y., Hulin, C., Benboubker, L., Attal, M., Pegourie, B., et.al. Melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide versus melphalan and prednisone alone or reduced-intensity autologous stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with multiple myeloma (IFM 99-06): a randomised trial, Lancet, 2007. 370(9594): p. 1209-18., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17920916

283. Alvares, C. L., Davies, F. E., Horton, C., Patel, G., Powles, R., Morgan, G. J., The role of second autografts in the management of myeloma at first relapse, Haematologica, 2006. 91(1): p. 141-2., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16434386

284. Badros, A., Barlogie, B., Siegel, E., Morris, C., Desikan, R., Zangari, M., et.al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in elderly multiple myeloma patients over the age of 70 years, Br J Haematol, 2001. 114(3): p. 600-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11552985

285. Kumar, S. K., Dingli, D., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., Hayman, S. R., Buadi, F. K., et.al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in patients of 70 years and older with multiple myeloma: Results from a matched pair analysis, Am J Hematol, 2008. 83(8): p. 614-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18429054

286. Bashir, Qaiser, Shah, Nina, Parmar, Simrit, Wei, Wei, Rondon, Gabriela, Weber, Donna M., et.al. Feasibility of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in patients aged ≥70 years with multiple myeloma, Leukemia & Lymphoma, 2012. 53(1): p. 118-122., https://doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2011.606942

287. Ozaki, S., Harada, T., Saitoh, T., Shimazaki, C., Itagaki, M., Asaoku, H., et.al. Survival of multiple myeloma patients aged 65-70 years in the era of novel agents and autologous stem cell transplantation. A multicenter retrospective collaborative study of the Japanese Society of Myeloma and the European Myeloma Network, Acta Haematol, 2014. 132(2): p. 211-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24662986

288. Wildes, T. M., Finney, J. D., Fiala, M., Gao, F., Vij, R., Stockerl-Goldstein, K., et.al. High-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant in older adults with multiple myeloma, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2015. 50(8): p. 1075-82., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25961765

289. Merz, M., Jansen, L., Castro, F. A., Hillengass, J., Salwender, H., Weisel, K., et.al. Survival of elderly patients with multiple myeloma-Effect of upfront autologous stem cell transplantation, Eur J Cancer, 2016. 62: p. 1-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27185572

290. Muchtar, E., Dingli, D., Kumar, S., Buadi, F. K., Dispenzieri, A., Hayman, S. R., et.al. Autologous stem cell transplant for multiple myeloma patients 70 years or older, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2016. 51(11): p. 1449-1455., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27376447

291. Dhakal, B., Nelson, A., Guru Murthy, G. S., Fraser, R., Eastwood, D., Hamadani, M., et.al. Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients With Multiple Myeloma: Effect of Age, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2017. 17(3): p. 165-172., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28159578

292. Palumbo, A., Bringhen, S., Petrucci, M. T., Musto, P., Rossini, F., Nunzi, M., et.al. Intermediate-dose melphalan improves survival of myeloma patients aged 50 to 70: results of a randomized controlled trial, Blood, 2004. 104(10): p. 3052-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15265788

293. Mai, E., Miah, K., Merz, M., Dürig, J., Scheid, C., Weisel, K., et.al. High Dose Melphalan (200mg/m2) And Autologous Transplantation In Newly-Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Up To The Age Of 70 Years: A Subgroup Analysis From The Phase III GMMG-HD-5-Trial, HemaSphere, 2019. 3: p. 251-252.

294. Palumbo, A., Bringhen, S., Mateos, M. V., Larocca, A., Facon, T., Kumar, S. K., et.al. Geriatric assessment predicts survival and toxicities in elderly myeloma patients: an International Myeloma Working Group report, Blood, 2015. 125(13): p. 2068-74., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25628469

295. Larocca, A., Dold, S. M., Zweegman, S., Terpos, E., Wasch, R., D'Agostino, M., et.al. Patient-centered practice in elderly myeloma patients: an overview and consensus from the European Myeloma Network (EMN), Leukemia, 2018. 32(8): p. 1697-1712., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29880892

296. Dimopoulos, M. A., Moulopoulos, L. A., Maniatis, A., Alexanian, R., Solitary plasmacytoma of bone and asymptomatic multiple myeloma, Blood, 2000. 96(6): p. 2037-44., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10979944

297. Joint Task Force of the, Efns, the, P. N. S., European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society guideline on management of multifocal motor neuropathy. Report of a joint task force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society--first revision, J Peripher Nerv Syst, 2010. 15(4): p. 295-301., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21199100

298. Gavriatopoulou, M., Musto, P., Caers, J., Merlini, G., Kastritis, E., van de Donk, N., et.al. European myeloma network recommendations on diagnosis and management of patients with rare plasma cell dyscrasias, Leukemia, 2018. 32(9): p. 1883-1898., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30038381

299. Tsang, R. W., Campbell, B. A., Goda, J. S., Kelsey, C. R., Kirova, Y. M., Parikh, R. R., et.al. Radiation Therapy for Solitary Plasmacytoma and Multiple Myeloma: Guidelines From the International Lymphoma Radiation Oncology Group, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2018. 101(4): p. 794-808., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29976492

300. Wang, Y., Li, H., Liu, C., Chen, C., Yan, J., Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone of the Spine: Results From Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Registry, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2019. 44(2): p. E117-E125., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30005040

301. Ozsahin, M., Tsang, R. W., Poortmans, P., Belkacemi, Y., Bolla, M., Dincbas, F. O., et.al. Outcomes and patterns of failure in solitary plasmacytoma: a multicenter Rare Cancer Network study of 258 patients, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2006. 64(1): p. 210-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16229966

302. Thumallapally, N., Meshref, A., Mousa, M., Terjanian, T., Solitary plasmacytoma: population-based analysis of survival trends and effect of various treatment modalities in the USA, BMC Cancer, 2017. 17(1): p. 13., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28056880

303. Warsame, R., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Kyle, R. A., Buadi, F., Dingli, D., et.al. Trends and outcomes of modern staging of solitary plasmacytoma of bone, Am J Hematol, 2012. 87(7): p. 647-51., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22549792

304. Grammatico, S., Scalzulli, E., Petrucci, M. T., Solitary Plasmacytoma, Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis, 2017. 9(1): p. e2017052., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28894561

305. Barzenje, D. A., Kolstad, A., Ghanima, W., Holte, H., Long-term outcome of patients with solitary plasmacytoma treated with radiotherapy: A population-based, single-center study with median follow-up of 13.7 years, Hematol Oncol, 2018. 36(1): p. 217-223., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28393375

306. Bolek, T. W., Marcus, R. B., Jr., Mendenhall, N. P., Solitary plasmacytoma of bone and soft tissue, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1996. 36(2): p. 329-33., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8892456

307. Brinch, L., Hannisdal, E., Abrahamsen, A. F., Kvaloy, S., Langholm, R., Extramedullary plasmacytomas and solitary plasma cell tumours of bone, Eur J Haematol, 1990. 44(2): p. 132-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2318296

308. Dores, G. M., Landgren, O., McGlynn, K. A., Curtis, R. E., Linet, M. S., Devesa, S. S., Plasmacytoma of bone, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and multiple myeloma: incidence and survival in the United States, 1992-2004, Br J Haematol, 2009. 144(1): p. 86-94., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19016727

309. Frassica, D. A., Frassica, F. J., Schray, M. F., Sim, F. H., Kyle, R. A., Solitary plasmacytoma of bone: Mayo Clinic experience, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1989. 16(1): p. 43-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2912957

310. Galieni, P., Cavo, M., Pulsoni, A., Avvisati, G., Bigazzi, C., Neri, S., et.al. Clinical outcome of extramedullary plasmacytoma, Haematologica, 2000. 85(1): p. 47-51., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10629591

311. Goyal, G., Bartley, A. C., Funni, S., Inselman, J., Shah, N. D., Marshall, A. L., et.al. Treatment approaches and outcomes in plasmacytomas: analysis using a national dataset, Leukemia, 2018. 32(6): p. 1414-1420., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29654264

312. Kilciksiz, S., Celik, O. K., Pak, Y., Demiral, A. N., Pehlivan, M., Orhan, O., et.al. Clinical and prognostic features of plasmacytomas: a multicenter study of Turkish Oncology Group-Sarcoma Working Party, Am J Hematol, 2008. 83(9): p. 702-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18543343

313. Knobel, D., Zouhair, A., Tsang, R. W., Poortmans, P., Belkacemi, Y., Bolla, M., et.al. Prognostic factors in solitary plasmacytoma of the bone: a multicenter Rare Cancer Network study, BMC Cancer, 2006. 6: p. 118., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16677383

314. Knowling, M. A., Harwood, A. R., Bergsagel, D. E., Comparison of extramedullary plasmacytomas with solitary and multiple plasma cell tumors of bone, J Clin Oncol, 1983. 1(4): p. 255-62., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6668499

315. Liebross, R. H., Ha, C. S., Cox, J. D., Weber, D., Delasalle, K., Alexanian, R., Solitary bone plasmacytoma: outcome and prognostic factors following radiotherapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1998. 41(5): p. 1063-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9719116

316. Mendenhall, C. M., Thar, T. L., Million, R. R., Solitary plasmacytoma of bone and soft tissue, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1980. 6(11): p. 1497-501., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6780494

317. Soutar, R., Lucraft, H., Jackson, G., Reece, A., Bird, J., Low, E., et.al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of solitary plasmacytoma of bone and solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma, Br J Haematol, 2004. 124(6): p. 717-26., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15009059

318. Sasaki, R., Yasuda, K., Abe, E., Uchida, N., Kawashima, M., Uno, T., et.al. Multi-institutional analysis of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck treated with curative radiotherapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2012. 82(2): p. 626-34., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21277117

319. Resende Salgado, L., Wang, S., Adler, A., Chang, S., Ru, M., Moshier, E., et.al. The Safety Profile of Concurrent Therapy for Multiple Myeloma in the Modern Era, Adv Radiat Oncol, 2019. 4(1): p. 112-117., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30706018

320. Shin, S. M., Chouake, R. J., Sanfilippo, N. J., Rapp, T. B., Cook, P., Formenti, S. C., et.al. Feasibility and efficacy of local radiotherapy with concurrent novel agents in patients with multiple myeloma, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2014. 14(6): p. 480-4., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25176474

321. Breitkreutz, I., Lokhorst, H. M., Raab, M. S., Holt, B. van der, Cremer, F. W., Herrmann, D., et.al. Thalidomide in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: influence of thalidomide treatment on peripheral blood stem cell collection yield, Leukemia, 2007. 21(6): p. 1294-1299., https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2404661

322. Chakraborty, R., Muchtar, E., Kumar, S. K., Buadi, F. K., Dingli, D., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Impact of duration of induction therapy on survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients undergoing upfront autologous stem cell transplantation, Br J Haematol, 2018. 182(1): p. 71-77., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29707759

323. Kumar, S., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Hayman, S. R., Buadi, F. K., Gastineau, D. A., et.al. Impact of lenalidomide therapy on stem cell mobilization and engraftment post-peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma, Leukemia, 2007. 21(9): p. 2035-42., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17581613

324. Desikan, K. R., Tricot, G., Dhodapkar, M., Fassas, A., Siegel, D., Vesole, D. H., et.al. Melphalan plus total body irradiation (MEL-TBI) or cyclophosphamide (MEL-CY) as a conditioning regimen with second autotransplant in responding patients with myeloma is inferior compared to historical controls receiving tandem transplants with melphalan alone, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2000. 25(5): p. 483-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10713623

325. Moreau, P., Facon, T., Attal, M., Hulin, C., Michallet, M., Maloisel, F., et.al. Comparison of 200 mg/m(2) melphalan and 8 Gy total body irradiation plus 140 mg/m(2) melphalan as conditioning regimens for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: final analysis of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome 9502 randomized trial, Blood, 2002. 99(3): p. 731-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11806971

326. Fenk, R., Schneider, P., Kropff, M., Huenerlituerkoglu, A. N., Steidl, U., Aul, C., et.al. High-dose idarubicin, cyclophosphamide and melphalan as conditioning for autologous stem cell transplantation increases treatment-related mortality in patients with multiple myeloma: results of a randomised study, Br J Haematol, 2005. 130(4): p. 588-94., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16098074

327. Comenzo, R. L., Hassoun, H., Kewalramani, T., Klimek, V., Dhodapkar, M., Reich, L., et.al. Results of a phase I/II trial adding carmustine (300 mg/m2) to melphalan (200 mg/m2) in multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation, Leukemia, 2006. 20(2): p. 345-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16319952

328. Beaven, Anne W., Moore, Dominic T., Sharf, Andrew, Serody, Jonathan S., Shea, Thomas C., Gabriel, Don A., Infusional mitoxantrone plus bolus melphalan as a stem cell transplant conditioning regimen for multiple myeloma, Cancer investigation, 2011. 29(3): p. 214-219., https://doi.org/10.3109/07357907.2010.550663

329. Kazmi, S. M., Saliba, R. M., Donato, M., Wang, M., Hosing, C., Qureshi, S., et.al. Phase II trial of high-dose topotecan, melphalan and CY with autologous stem cell support for multiple myeloma, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2011. 46(4): p. 510-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20581887

330. Chen, A. I., Negrin, R. S., McMillan, A., Shizuru, J. A., Johnston, L. J., Lowsky, R., et.al. Tandem chemo-mobilization followed by high-dose melphalan and carmustine with single autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2012. 47(4): p. 516-21., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21602899

331. Mark, T. M., Reid, W., Niesvizky, R., Gergis, U., Pearse, R., Mayer, S., et.al. A phase 1 study of bendamustine and melphalan conditioning for autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2013. 19(5): p. 831-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23454184

332. Breitkreutz, I., Becker, N., Benner, A., Kosely, F., Heining, C., Hillengass, J., et.al. Dose-intensified bendamustine followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell support in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma with impaired bone marrow function, Hematol Oncol, 2016. 34(4): p. 200-207., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25784529

333. Roussel, M., Moreau, P., Huynh, A., Mary, J. Y., Danho, C., Caillot, D., et.al. Bortezomib and high-dose melphalan as conditioning regimen before autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with de novo multiple myeloma: a phase 2 study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome (IFM), Blood, 2010. 115(1): p. 32-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19884643

334. Roussel, Murielle, Hebraud, Benjamin, Lauwers-Cances, Valerie, Macro, Margaret, Leleu, Xavier, Hulin, Cyrille, et.al. Bortezomib and High-Dose Melphalan Vs. High-Dose Melphalan As Conditioning Regimen before Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in De Novo Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Phase 3 Study of the Intergroupe Francophone Du Myelome (IFM 2014-02), Blood, 2017. 130(Supplement 1): p. 398-398., https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006497119809151

335. Lahuerta, J. J., Mateos, M. V., Martinez-Lopez, J., Grande, C., de la Rubia, J., Rosinol, L., et.al. Busulfan 12 mg/kg plus melphalan 140 mg/m2 versus melphalan 200 mg/m2 as conditioning regimens for autologous transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients included in the PETHEMA/GEM2000 study, Haematologica, 2010. 95(11): p. 1913-20., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20663944

336. Blanes, M., Lahuerta, J. J., Gonzalez, J. D., Ribas, P., Solano, C., Alegre, A., et.al. Intravenous busulfan and melphalan as a conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a matched comparison to a melphalan-only approach, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2013. 19(1): p. 69-74., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22897964

337. Bashir, Qaiser, Thall, Peter F., Milton, Denái R., Fox, Patricia S., Kawedia, Jitesh D., Kebriaei, Partow, et.al. Conditioning with busulfan plus melphalan versus melphalan alone before autologous haemopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial, The Lancet Haematology, 2019. 6(5): p. e266-e275., https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352302619300237

338. Katragadda, L., McCullough, L. M., Dai, Y., Hsu, J., Byrne, M., Hiemenz, J., et.al. Effect of melphalan 140 mg/m(2) vs 200 mg/m(2) on toxicities and outcomes in multiple myeloma patients undergoing single autologous stem cell transplantation-a single center experience, Clin Transplant, 2016. 30(8): p. 894-900., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27219740

339. Auner, H. W., Iacobelli, S., Sbianchi, G., Knol-Bout, C., Blaise, D., Russell, N. H., et.al. Melphalan 140 mg/m(2) or 200 mg/m(2) for autologous transplantation in myeloma: results from the Collaboration to Collect Autologous Transplant Outcomes in Lymphoma and Myeloma (CALM) study. A report by the EBMT Chronic Malignancies Working Party, Haematologica, 2018. 103(3): p. 514-521., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29217776

340. Gay, F., Magarotto, V., Crippa, C., Pescosta, N., Guglielmelli, T., Cavallo, F., et.al. Bortezomib induction, reduced-intensity transplantation, and lenalidomide consolidation-maintenance for myeloma: updated results, Blood, 2013. 122(8): p. 1376-83., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23775712

341. Palumbo, A., Bringhen, S., Bruno, B., Falcone, A. P., Liberati, A. M., Grasso, M., et.al. Melphalan 200 mg/m(2) versus melphalan 100 mg/m(2) in newly diagnosed myeloma patients: a prospective, multicenter phase 3 study, Blood, 2010. 115(10): p. 1873-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965659

342. Blocka, J., Hielscher, T., Mueller-Tidow, C., Goldschmidt, H., Hillengass, J., Salvage therapy versus upfront autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma patients with progressive disease after first-line induction therapy, Leuk Lymphoma, 2020. 61(1): p. 27-36., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31423866

343. Kapoor, P., Kumar, S. K., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Buadi, F., Dingli, D., et.al. Importance of achieving stringent complete response after autologous stem-cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2013. 31(36): p. 4529-35., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24248686

344. Lehners, N., Becker, N., Benner, A., Pritsch, M., Lopprich, M., Mai, E. K., et.al. Analysis of long-term survival in multiple myeloma after first-line autologous stem cell transplantation: impact of clinical risk factors and sustained response, Cancer Med, 2018. 7(2): p. 307-316., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29282899

345. Moreau, P., Attal, M., Pegourie, B., Planche, L., Hulin, C., Facon, T., et.al. Achievement of VGPR to induction therapy is an important prognostic factor for longer PFS in the IFM 2005-01 trial, Blood, 2011. 117(11): p. 3041-4., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21098740

346. Aggarwal, M., Agrawal, N., Yadav, N., Verma, P., Ahmed, R., Mehta, P., et.al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission is associated with better progression-free survival in multiple myeloma, Ann Hematol, 2018. 97(10): p. 1869-1877., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29781040

347. Stadtmauer, E. A., Pasquini, M. C., Blackwell, B., Hari, P., Bashey, A., Devine, S., et.al. Autologous Transplantation, Consolidation, and Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: Results of the BMT CTN 0702 Trial, J Clin Oncol, 2019. 37(7): p. 589-597., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30653422

348. Cavo, M., Tosi, P., Zamagni, E., Cellini, C., Tacchetti, P., Patriarca, F., et.al. Prospective, randomized study of single compared with double autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: Bologna 96 clinical study, J Clin Oncol, 2007. 25(17): p. 2434-41., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17485707

349. Blocka, J., Hielscher, T., Goldschmidt, H., Hillengass, J., Response Improvement Rather than Response Status after First Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Is a Significant Prognostic Factor for Survival Benefit from Tandem Compared with Single Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma Patients, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2020. 26(7): p. 1280-1287., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32194287

350. Harousseau, J. L., Milpied, N., Laporte, J. P., Collombat, P., Facon, T., Tigaud, J. D., et.al. Double-intensive therapy in high-risk multiple myeloma, Blood, 1992. 79(11): p. 2827-33., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350228

351. Barlogie, B., Jagannath, S., Vesole, D. H., Naucke, S., Cheson, B., Mattox, S., et.al. Superiority of tandem autologous transplantation over standard therapy for previously untreated multiple myeloma, Blood, 1997. 89(3): p. 789-93., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9028309

352. Mai, E. K., Benner, A., Bertsch, U., Brossart, P., Hanel, A., Kunzmann, V., et.al. Single versus tandem high-dose melphalan followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results from the phase III GMMG-HD2 trial, Br J Haematol, 2016. 173(5): p. 731-41., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26990892

353. Kumar, A., Kharfan-Dabaja, M. A., Glasmacher, A., Djulbegovic, B., Tandem versus single autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for the treatment of multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis, J Natl Cancer Inst, 2009. 101(2): p. 100-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19141779

354. Naumann-Winter, F., Greb, A., Borchmann, P., Bohlius, J., Engert, A., Schnell, R., First-line tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation versus single high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, a systematic review of controlled studies, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2012. 10: p. CD004626., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23076906

355. Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen, Stammzelltransplantation bei Multiplem Myelom, N05-03C, 2011.

356. Cavo, Michele, Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Rosinol, Laura, Pantani, Lucia, Zweegman, Sonja, Salwender, Hans Jürgen, et.al. Double Vs Single Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Long-Term Follow-up (10-Years) Analysis of Randomized Phase 3 Studies, Blood, 2018. 132(Supplement 1): p. 124-124., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112899

357. Einsele, H., H. Goldschmidt, C. Straka, I. Blau, N. Gramatzki, B. Metzner, N. Kröger, H. Salwender, M. Engelhardt, Leitlinien zur autologen Stammzelltransplantation von der Deutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Knochenmark- und Blutstammzelltransplantation (DAG-KBT), 2018., https://www.dag-kbt.de/files/downloads/Leitlinien_auto_Kap-2.1_Multiples%20Myelom.pdf

358. Gagelmann, N., Eikema, D. J., Iacobelli, S., Koster, L., Nahi, H., Stoppa, A. M., et.al. Impact of extramedullary disease in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation: a study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT, Haematologica, 2018. 103(5): p. 890-897., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29419433

359. Gagelmann, N., Eikema, D. J., Koster, L., Caillot, D., Pioltelli, P., Lleonart, J. B., et.al. Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Improves Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma with Extramedullary Disease and High-Risk Cytogenetics: A Study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2019. 25(11): p. 2134-2142., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31288095

360. Morris, C., Iacobelli, S., Brand, R., Bjorkstrand, B., Drake, M., Niederwieser, D., et.al. Benefit and timing of second transplantations in multiple myeloma: clinical findings and methodological limitations in a European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry study, J Clin Oncol, 2004. 22(9): p. 1674-81., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15037597

361. Cavo, M., Pantani, L., Petrucci, M. T., Patriarca, F., Zamagni, E., Donnarumma, D., et.al. Bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone is superior to thalidomide-dexamethasone as consolidation therapy after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Blood, 2012. 120(1): p. 9-19., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22498745

362. Mellqvist, U. H., Gimsing, P., Hjertner, O., Lenhoff, S., Laane, E., Remes, K., et.al. Bortezomib consolidation after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: a Nordic Myeloma Study Group randomized phase 3 trial, Blood, 2013. 121(23): p. 4647-54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23616624

363. Sezer, O., Beksac, M., Hajek, R., Sucak, G., Cagirgan, S., Linkesch, W., et.al. Effects of single-agent bortezomib as post-transplant consolidation therapy on multiple myeloma-related bone disease: a randomized phase II study, Br J Haematol, 2017. 178(1): p. 61-71., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28382618

364. Einsele, H., , M. Vogel, , J. Muller, , S. Knop, , M. Kropff, , C. Langer, , et.al. Results from two phase 3 studies of post-transplant bortezomib (BTZ) consolidation vs observation (OBS) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), Haematologica, 2015. p. 100, 151.

365. Straka, Christian, Knop, Stefan, Vogel, Martin, Müller, Jurgen, Kropff, Martin, Metzner, Bernd, et.al. Bortezomib Consolidation Following Autologous Transplant Equalizes the Outcome for Older Patients with Less Intensive Pretreatment Compared to Younger Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, Blood, 2016. 128(22): p. 516-516., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V128.22.516.516

366. Moreau, P., Attal, M., Hulin, C., Arnulf, B., Belhadj, K., Benboubker, L., et.al. Bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone with or without daratumumab before and after autologous stem-cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (CASSIOPEIA): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study, Lancet, 2019. 394(10192): p. 29-38., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31171419

367. Palumbo, A., Hajek, R., Delforge, M., Kropff, M., Petrucci, M. T., Catalano, J., et.al. Continuous lenalidomide treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2012. 366(19): p. 1759-69., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22571200

368. Jackson, G. H., Davies, F. E., Pawlyn, C., Cairns, D. A., Striha, A., Collett, C., et.al. Lenalidomide maintenance versus observation for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (Myeloma XI): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2019. 20(1): p. 57-73., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30559051

369. Piechotta, V., Jakob, T., Langer, P., Monsef, I., Scheid, C., Estcourt, L. J., et.al. Multiple drug combinations of bortezomib, lenalidomide, and thalidomide for first-line treatment in adults with transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: a network meta-analysis, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2019. 2019(11):, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31765002

370. Bahlis, N. J., Corso, A., Mugge, L. O., Shen, Z. X., Desjardins, P., Stoppa, A. M., et.al. Benefit of continuous treatment for responders with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in the randomized FIRST trial, Leukemia, 2017. 31(11): p. 2435-2442., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28373701

371. Mateos, M. V., Dimopoulos, M. A., Cavo, M., Suzuki, K., Jakubowiak, A., Knop, S., et.al. Daratumumab plus Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone for Untreated Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2018. 378(6): p. 518-528., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29231133

372. Garban, F., Attal, M., Michallet, M., Hulin, C., Bourhis, J. H., Yakoub-Agha, I., et.al. Prospective comparison of autologous stem cell transplantation followed by dose-reduced allograft (IFM99-03 trial) with tandem autologous stem cell transplantation (IFM99-04 trial) in high-risk de novo multiple myeloma, Blood, 2006. 107(9): p. 3474-80., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16397129

373. Krishnan, A., Pasquini, M. C., Logan, B., Stadtmauer, E. A., Vesole, D. H., Alyea, E., 3rd, et.al. Autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation followed by allogeneic or autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma (BMT CTN 0102): a phase 3 biological assignment trial, Lancet Oncol, 2011. 12(13): p. 1195-203., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21962393

374. Lokhorst, H. M., van der Holt, B., Cornelissen, J. J., Kersten, M. J., van Oers, M., Raymakers, R., et.al. Donor versus no-donor comparison of newly diagnosed myeloma patients included in the HOVON-50 multiple myeloma study, Blood, 2012. 119(26): p. 6219-25; quiz 6399., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22442350

375. Rosinol, L., Perez-Simon, J. A., Sureda, A., de la Rubia, J., de Arriba, F., Lahuerta, J. J., et.al. A prospective PETHEMA study of tandem autologous transplantation versus autograft followed by reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Blood, 2008. 112(9): p. 3591-3., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612103

376. Bjorkstrand, B., Iacobelli, S., Hegenbart, U., Gruber, A., Greinix, H., Volin, L., et.al. Tandem autologous/reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem-cell transplantation versus autologous transplantation in myeloma: long-term follow-up, J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(22): p. 3016-22., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21730266

377. Bruno, B., Rotta, M., Patriarca, F., Mordini, N., Allione, B., Carnevale-Schianca, F., et.al. A comparison of allografting with autografting for newly diagnosed myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2007. 356(11): p. 1110-20., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17360989

378. Björkstrand, B. B., Ljungman, P., Svensson, H., Hermans, J., Alegre, A., Apperley, J., et.al. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: a retrospective case-matched study from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Blood, 1996. 88(12): p. 4711-8.

379. Crawley, C., Iacobelli, S., Bjorkstrand, B., Apperley, J. F., Niederwieser, D., Gahrton, G., Reduced-intensity conditioning for myeloma: lower nonrelapse mortality but higher relapse rates compared with myeloablative conditioning, Blood, 2007. 109(8): p. 3588-94., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17158231

380. Kröger, Nicolaus, Sayer, Herbert Gottfried, Schwerdtfeger, Rainer, Kiehl, Michael, Nagler, Arnon, Renges, Helmut, et.al. Unrelated stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma after a reduced-intensity conditioning with pretransplantation antithymocyte globulin is highly effective with low transplantation-related mortality, Blood, 2002. 100(12): p. 3919-3924., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-04-1150

381. Kroger, N., Schwerdtfeger, R., Kiehl, M., Sayer, H. G., Renges, H., Zabelina, T., et.al. Autologous stem cell transplantation followed by a dose-reduced allograft induces high complete remission rate in multiple myeloma, Blood, 2002. 100(3): p. 755-60., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12130482

382. Gahrton, G., Iacobelli, S., Bjorkstrand, B., Hegenbart, U., Gruber, A., Greinix, H., et.al. Autologous/reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation vs autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results of the EBMT-NMAM2000 study, Blood, 2013. 121(25): p. 5055-63., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23482933

383. Knop, S, Engelhardt, M, Liebisch, P, Meisner, C, Holler, E, Metzner, B, et.al. Allogeneic transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term follow-up and cytogenetic subgroup analysis., Leukemia, 2019. 33 (11)(11): p. 2710-2719., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31462732/

384. Badros, A., Barlogie, B., Siegel, E., Cottler-Fox, M., Zangari, M., Fassas, A., et.al. Improved outcome of allogeneic transplantation in high-risk multiple myeloma patients after nonmyeloablative conditioning, J Clin Oncol, 2002. 20(5): p. 1295-303., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11870172

385. Kroger, N., Badbaran, A., Zabelina, T., Ayuk, F., Wolschke, C., Alchalby, H., et.al. Impact of high-risk cytogenetics and achievement of molecular remission on long-term freedom from disease after autologous-allogeneic tandem transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2013. 19(3): p. 398-404., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23078786

386. Sobh, M., Michallet, M., Gahrton, G., Iacobelli, S., van Biezen, A., Schonland, S., et.al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in Europe: trends and outcomes over 25 years. A study by the EBMT Chronic Malignancies Working Party, Leukemia, 2016. 30(10): p. 2047-2054., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27118410

387. Gay, F., Oliva, S., Petrucci, M. T., Conticello, C., Catalano, L., Corradini, P., et.al. Chemotherapy plus lenalidomide versus autologous transplantation, followed by lenalidomide plus prednisone versus lenalidomide maintenance, in patients with multiple myeloma: a randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2015. 16(16): p. 1617-29., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26596670

388. Dhakal, B., Szabo, A., Chhabra, S., Hamadani, M., D'Souza, A., Usmani, S. Z., et.al. Autologous Transplantation for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Agent Induction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, JAMA Oncol, 2018. 4(3): p. 343-350., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29302684

389. Goldschmidt, H., Hegenbart, U., Wallmeier, M., Hohaus, S., Haas, R., Factors influencing collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells following high-dose cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with multiple myeloma, Br J Haematol, 1997. 98(3): p. 736-44., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9332333

390. Knudsen, L. M., Rasmussen, T., Jensen, L., Johnsen, H. E., Reduced bone marrow stem cell pool and progenitor mobilisation in multiple myeloma after melphalan treatment, Med Oncol, 1999. 16(4): p. 245-54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10618687

391. Boccadoro, M., Palumbo, A., Bringhen, S., Merletti, F., Ciccone, G., Richiardi, L., et.al. Oral melphalan at diagnosis hampers adequate collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells in multiple myeloma, Haematologica, 2002. 87(8): p. 846-850., https://haematologica.org/article/view/2467

392. Wuchter, P., Ran, D., Bruckner, T., Schmitt, T., Witzens-Harig, M., Neben, K., et.al. Poor mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells-definitions, incidence, risk factors, and impact on outcome of autologous transplantation, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2010. 16(4): p. 490-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19925876

393. Sidana, S., Tandon, N., Dispenzieri, A., Gertz, M. A., Buadi, F. K., Lacy, M. Q., et.al. Clinical presentation and outcomes in light chain amyloidosis patients with non-evaluable serum free light chains, Leukemia, 2018. 32(3): p. 729-735., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28919633

394. Popat, U., Saliba, R., Thandi, R., Hosing, C., Qazilbash, M., Anderlini, P., et.al. Impairment of filgrastim-induced stem cell mobilization after prior lenalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2009. 15(6): p. 718-23., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19450756

395. Wuchter, , P., U. Bertsch, , H.-J. Salwender, , M. Munder, , M. Haenel, , A. Benner, , et.al. Evaluation of stem cell mobilization in patients with multiple myeloma after lenalidomide-based induction chemotherapy within the GMMG-HD6 trial, Blood. Conference: 58th annual meeting of the american society of hematology, ASH 2016. United states. Conference start: 20161203. Conference end: 20161206, 2016. p. 128.

396. Rosinol, L., , A. Oriol, , R. Rios, , A. Sureda, , M. Blanchard, , M. Hernandez, , et.al. Bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRD-GEM) as induction therapy prior autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM): results of a prospective phase III PETHEMA/GEM trial, Blood. Conference: 59th annual meeting of the american society of hematology, ASH 2017. United states, 2017. p. 130.

397. Nooka, A. K., Kaufman, J. L., Behera, M., Langston, A., Waller, E. K., Flowers, C. R., et.al. Bortezomib-containing induction regimens in transplant-eligible myeloma patients: a meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized clinical trials, Cancer, 2013. 119(23): p. 4119-28., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24005889

398. Scott, K., Hayden, P. J., Will, A., Wheatley, K., Coyne, I., Bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016. 4: p. CD010816., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27096326

399. Sonneveld, P., Goldschmidt, H., Rosinol, L., Blade, J., Lahuerta, J. J., Cavo, M., et.al. Bortezomib-based versus nonbortezomib-based induction treatment before autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis of phase III randomized, controlled trials, J Clin Oncol, 2013. 31(26): p. 3279-87., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23897961

400. Zou, Y., Lin, M., Sheng, Z., Niu, S., Bortezomib and lenalidomide as front-line therapy for multiple myeloma, Leuk Lymphoma, 2014. 55(9): p. 2024-31., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24067138

401. Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Neben, Kai, Bertsch, Uta, Hielscher, Thomas, van der Holt, Bronno, Hose, Dirk, et.al. Bortezomib-Based Induction Therapy Followed by Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation and Maintenance Therapy with Bortezomib Improves Outcome In Myeloma Patients with Gain 1q21 and t(4;14) - a Subgroup Analysis of the HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 Trial, Blood, 2010. 116(21): p. 305-305.

402. Neben, K., , U. Bertsch, , T. Hielscher, , B. Holt, , D. Hose, , L. Jarari, , et.al. Bortezomib-based induction and maintenance therapy improves outcome in myeloma patients with deletion 17p-a subgroup analysis of the hovon65/GMMG-HD4 trial, Heamatologica, 2011. 96: p. 216.

403. Facon, T, Lee, JH, Moreau, P, Niesvizky, R, Dimopoulos, M, Hajek, R, et.al. Carfilzomib or bortezomib with melphalan-prednisone for transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma., Blood, 2019. 133 (18)(18): p. 1953-1963., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30819926/

404. Kumar, SK, Jacobus, SJ, Cohen, AD, Weiss, M, Callander, N, Singh, AK, et.al. Carfilzomib or bortezomib in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma without intention for immediate autologous stem-cell transplantation (ENDURANCE): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial., Lancet Oncol, 2020. 21 (10)(10): p. 1317-1330., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32866432/

405. Sheng, Z., Li, G., Li, B., Liu, Y., Wang, L., Carfilzomib-containing combinations as frontline therapy for multiple myeloma: A meta-analysis of 13 trials, Eur J Haematol, 2017. 98(6): p. 601-607., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28295593

406. Cavo, Michele, Perrone, Giulia, Buttignol, Silvia, Calabrese, Elisabetta, Galli, Monica, Bringhen, Sara, et.al. Bortezomib-Thalidomide-Dexamethasone Compared with Thalidomide-Dexamethasone as Induction and Consolidation Therapy Before and After Double Autologous Transplantation In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Results From a Randomized Phase 3 Study, Blood, 2010. 116(21): p. 42-42., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V116.21.42.42

407. Moreau, P., Avet-Loiseau, H., Facon, T., Attal, M., Tiab, M., Hulin, C., et.al. Bortezomib plus dexamethasone versus reduced-dose bortezomib, thalidomide plus dexamethasone as induction treatment before autologous stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Blood, 2011. 118(22): p. 5752-8; quiz 5982., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21849487

408. Rosiñol, Laura, Oriol, Albert, Teruel, Ana Isabel, Hernández, Dolores, López-Jiménez, Javier, de la Rubia, Javier, et.al. Superiority of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTD) as induction pretransplantation therapy in multiple myeloma: a randomized phase 3 PETHEMA/GEM study, Blood, 2012. 120(8): p. 1589-1596., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-02-408922

409. Huang, H., Zhou, L., Peng, L., Fu, W., Zhang, C., Hou, J., Bortezomib-thalidomide-based regimens improved clinical outcomes without increasing toxicity as induction treatment for untreated multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials, Leuk Res, 2014. 38(9): p. 1048-54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25052306

410. Kumar, S., Flinn, I., Richardson, P. G., Hari, P., Callander, N., Noga, S. J., et.al. Randomized, multicenter, phase 2 study (EVOLUTION) of combinations of bortezomib, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, and lenalidomide in previously untreated multiple myeloma, Blood, 2012. 119(19): p. 4375-82., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22422823

411. Ludwig, H., Viterbo, L., Greil, R., Masszi, T., Spicka, I., Shpilberg, O., et.al. Randomized phase II study of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone with or without cyclophosphamide as induction therapy in previously untreated multiple myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2013. 31(2): p. 247-55., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23091109

412. Voorhees, PM, Kaufman, JL, Laubach, J, Sborov, DW, Reeves, B, Rodriguez, C, et.al. Daratumumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for transplant-eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: the GRIFFIN trial., Blood, 2020. 136 (8)(8): p. 936-945., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32325490/

413. Reeder, C. B., Reece, D. E., Kukreti, V., Chen, C., Trudel, S., Hentz, J., et.al. Cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone induction for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: high response rates in a phase II clinical trial, Leukemia, 2009. 23(7): p. 1337-41., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225538

414. Khan, M. L., Reeder, C. B., Kumar, S. K., Lacy, M. Q., Reece, D. E., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. A comparison of lenalidomide/dexamethasone versus cyclophosphamide/lenalidomide/dexamethasone versus cyclophosphamide/bortezomib/dexamethasone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Br J Haematol, 2012. 156(3): p. 326-33., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22107129

415. Mai, E. K., Bertsch, U., Durig, J., Kunz, C., Haenel, M., Blau, I. W., et.al. Phase III trial of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) versus bortezomib, doxorubicin and dexamethasone (PAd) in newly diagnosed myeloma, Leukemia, 2015. 29(8): p. 1721-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25787915

416. Einsele, H., Engelhardt, M., Tapprich, C., Muller, J., Liebisch, P., Langer, C., et.al. Phase II study of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone as induction therapy in multiple myeloma: DSMM XI trial, Br J Haematol, 2017. 179(4): p. 586-597., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28961309

417. Moreau, Philippe, Hulin, Cyrille, Macro, Margaret, Caillot, Denis, Chaleteix, Carine, Roussel, Murielle, et.al. VTD is superior to VCD prior to intensive therapy in multiple myeloma: results of the prospective IFM2013-04 trial, Blood, 2016. 127(21): p. 2569-2574., https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-01-693580

418. Leiba, M., Kedmi, M., Duek, A., Freidman, T., Weiss, M., Leiba, R., et.al. Bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (VCD) versus bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (VTD) -based regimens as induction therapies in newly diagnosed transplant eligible patients with multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis, Br J Haematol, 2014. 166(5): p. 702-10., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24861981

419. Richardson, P. G., Weller, E., Lonial, S., Jakubowiak, A. J., Jagannath, S., Raje, N. S., et.al. Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Blood, 2010. 116(5): p. 679-86., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20385792

420. Roussel, M., Lauwers-Cances, V., Robillard, N., Hulin, C., Leleu, X., Benboubker, L., et.al. Front-line transplantation program with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination as induction and consolidation followed by lenalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma: a phase II study by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome, J Clin Oncol, 2014. 32(25): p. 2712-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25024076

421. Durie, B. G. M., Hoering, A., Abidi, M. H., Rajkumar, S. V., Epstein, J., Kahanic, S. P., et.al. Bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma without intent for immediate autologous stem-cell transplant (SWOG S0777): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial, Lancet, 2017. 389(10068): p. 519-527., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28017406

422. Joseph, N. S., Kaufman, J. L., Dhodapkar, M. V., Hofmeister, C. C., Almaula, D. K., Heffner, L. T., et.al. Long-Term Follow-Up Results of Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone Induction Therapy and Risk-Adapted Maintenance Approach in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2020. 38(17): p. 1928-1937., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32298201

423. Kumar, S. K., Ma, E., Engebretson, A. E., Buadi, F. K., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Treatment outcomes, health-care resource utilization and costs of bortezomib and dexamethasone, with cyclophosphamide or lenalidomide, in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2016. 30(4): p. 995-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26271606

424. Chakraborty, R., Muchtar, E., Kumar, S., Buadi, F. K., Dingli, D., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. The impact of induction regimen on transplant outcome in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2017. 52(1): p. 34-40., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27548464

425. Uttervall, K., Borg Bruchfeld, J., Gran, C., Walinder, G., Mansson, R., Lund, J., et.al. Upfront bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone compared to bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone in multiple myeloma, Eur J Haematol, 2019. 103(3): p. 247-254., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31231833

426. Mateos, M., Oriol, A., Martinez-Lopez, J., Teruel, A., Lopez, d. l. G. A., Blanchard, M., et.al. Do we still need the alkylators as part of the upfronttreatment of elderly newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients? Updated follow-up of GEM2005MAS65 Spanish trial comparing VMP vs VTP as induction, Haematologica, 2014. 99: p. 221.

427. Palumbo, A., , S. Bringhen, , A. Larocca, , D. Rossi, , F. Di Raimondo, , V. Magarotto, , et.al. Bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide followed by maintenance with bortezomib-thalidomide compared with bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone for initial treatment of multiple myeloma: updated follow-up and improved survival, Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2014. 32(7): p. 634-640.

428. Gentile, M., Magarotto, V., Offidani, M., Musto, P., Bringhen, S., Teresa Petrucci, M., et.al. Lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone (Rd) versus bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone (VMP) in elderly newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: A comparison of two prospective trials, Am J Hematol, 2017. 92(3): p. 244-250., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28006855

429. Weisel, K., Doyen, C., Dimopoulos, M., Yee, A., Lahuerta, J. J., Martin, A., et.al. A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis of treatments for patients with untreated multiple myeloma not eligible for stem cell transplantation, Leuk Lymphoma, 2017. 58(1): p. 153-161., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27124703

430. Morabito, F., Bringhen, S., Larocca, A., Wijermans, P., Victoria Mateos, M., Gimsing, P., et.al. Bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone (VMP) versus melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide (MPT) in elderly newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: A retrospective case-matched study, Am J Hematol, 2014. 89(4): p. 355-62., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24273190

431. Mateos, MV, Cavo, M, Blade, J, Dimopoulos, MA, Suzuki, K, Jakubowiak, A, et.al. Overall survival with daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (ALCYONE): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial., Lancet, 2020. 395 (10218)(10218): p. 132-141., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31836199/

432. Facon, T., Kumar, S., Plesner, T., Orlowski, R. Z., Moreau, P., Bahlis, N., et.al. Daratumumab plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone for Untreated Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2019. 380(22): p. 2104-2115., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31141632

433. Facon, T, Kumar, SK, Plesner, T, Orlowski, RZ, Moreau, P, Bahlis, N, et.al. Daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MAIA): overall survival results from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial., Lancet Oncol, 2021. ():, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34655533/

434. Attal, M., Lauwers-Cances, V., Marit, G., Caillot, D., Moreau, P., Facon, T., et.al. Lenalidomide maintenance after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2012. 366(19): p. 1782-91., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22571202

435. Gay, F., Jackson, G., Rosinol, L., Holstein, S. A., Moreau, P., Spada, S., et.al. Maintenance Treatment and Survival in Patients With Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis, JAMA Oncol, 2018. 4(10): p. 1389-1397., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30098165

436. Kumar, S. K., B. R. LaPlant, M. A. Gertz, A. Dispenzieri, P. L. Bergsagel, M. Q. Lacy, S. Singh, V. Roy, F. K. Buadi, D. Dingli, R. Kyle, S. V. Rajkumar and P. Kapoor, Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy In Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Trials, Blood, 2013. 122(21): p. 407-407.

437. McCarthy, P. L., Holstein, S. A., Petrucci, M. T., Richardson, P. G., Hulin, C., Tosi, P., et.al. Lenalidomide Maintenance After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis, J Clin Oncol, 2017. 35(29): p. 3279-3289., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28742454

438. McCarthy, P. L., Owzar, K., Hofmeister, C. C., Hurd, D. D., Hassoun, H., Richardson, P. G., et.al. Lenalidomide after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2012. 366(19): p. 1770-81., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22571201

439. Goldschmidt, H., Lokhorst, H. M., Mai, E. K., van der Holt, B., Blau, I. W., Zweegman, S., et.al. Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial, Leukemia, 2018. 32(2): p. 383-390., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28761118

440. Neben, K., Lokhorst, H. M., Jauch, A., Bertsch, U., Hielscher, T., van der Holt, B., et.al. Administration of bortezomib before and after autologous stem cell transplantation improves outcome in multiple myeloma patients with deletion 17p, Blood, 2012. 119(4): p. 940-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22160383

441. Scheid, C., Sonneveld, P., Schmidt-Wolf, I. G., van der Holt, B., el Jarari, L., Bertsch, U., et.al. Bortezomib before and after autologous stem cell transplantation overcomes the negative prognostic impact of renal impairment in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a subgroup analysis from the HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial, Haematologica, 2014. 99(1): p. 148-54., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23996482

442. Sonneveld, P., Schmidt-Wolf, I. G., van der Holt, B., El Jarari, L., Bertsch, U., Salwender, H., et.al. Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65/ GMMG-HD4 trial, J Clin Oncol, 2012. 30(24): p. 2946-55., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22802322

443. Dimopoulos, M. A., Gay, F., Schjesvold, F., Beksac, M., Hajek, R., Weisel, K. C., et.al. Oral ixazomib maintenance following autologous stem cell transplantation (TOURMALINE-MM3): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, Lancet, 2019. 393(10168): p. 253-264., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30545780

444. Cerrato, C., Di Raimondo, F., De Paoli, L., Spada, S., Patriarca, F., Crippa, C., et.al. Maintenance in myeloma patients achieving complete response after upfront therapy: a pooled analysis, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2018. 144(7): p. 1357-1366., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29675792

445. Facon, T., Dimopoulos, M. A., Dispenzieri, A., Catalano, J. V., Belch, A., Cavo, M., et.al. Final analysis of survival outcomes in the phase 3 FIRST trial of up-front treatment for multiple myeloma, Blood, 2018. 131(3): p. 301-310., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29150421

446. Goldschmidt, H., Mai, E. K., Durig, J., Scheid, C., Weisel, K. C., Kunz, C., et.al. Response-adapted lenalidomide maintenance in newly diagnosed myeloma: results from the phase III GMMG-MM5 trial, Leukemia, 2020. 34(7): p. 1853-1865., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32034285

447. Palumbo, A., Gay, F., Cavallo, F., Di Raimondo, F., Larocca, A., Hardan, I., et.al. Continuous Therapy Versus Fixed Duration of Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2015. 33(30): p. 3459-66., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26282661

448. Durie, B. G., Harousseau, J. L., Miguel, J. S., Blade, J., Barlogie, B., Anderson, K., et.al. International uniform response criteria for multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2006. 20(9): p. 1467-73., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16855634

449. Dimopoulos, M. A., Lonial, S., White, D., Moreau, P., Palumbo, A., San-Miguel, J., et.al. Elotuzumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: ELOQUENT-2 follow-up and post-hoc analyses on progression-free survival and tumour growth, Br J Haematol, 2017. 178(6): p. 896-905., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28677826

450. Dimopoulos, M. A., Oriol, A., Nahi, H., San-Miguel, J., Bahlis, N. J., Usmani, S. Z., et.al. Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2016. 375(14): p. 1319-1331., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27705267

451. Dimopoulos, M. A., Stewart, A. K., Masszi, T., Spicka, I., Oriol, A., Hajek, R., et.al. Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma categorised by age: secondary analysis from the phase 3 ASPIRE study, Br J Haematol, 2017. 177(3): p. 404-413., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28211560

452. Richardson, P. G., Hungria, V. T., Yoon, S. S., Beksac, M., Dimopoulos, M. A., Elghandour, A., et.al. Panobinostat plus bortezomib and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma: outcomes by prior treatment, Blood, 2016. 127(6): p. 713-21., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26631116

453. Moreau, P., Masszi, T., Grzasko, N., Bahlis, N. J., Hansson, M., Pour, L., et.al. Oral Ixazomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2016. 374(17): p. 1621-34., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27119237

454. Fouquet, G., Tardy, S., Demarquette, H., Bonnet, S., Gay, J., Debarri, H., et.al. Efficacy and safety profile of long-term exposure to lenalidomide in patients with recurrent multiple myeloma, Cancer, 2013. 119(20): p. 3680-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23921945

455. Zago, M., Oehrlein, K., Rendl, C., Hahn-Ast, C., Kanz, L., Weisel, K., Lenalidomide in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma disease: feasibility and benefits of long-term treatment, Ann Hematol, 2014. 93(12): p. 1993-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24974802

456. D'Agostino, M., De Paoli, L., Conticello, C., Offidani, M., Ria, R., Petrucci, M. T., et.al. Continuous therapy in standard- and high-risk newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma: A pooled analysis of 2 phase III trials, Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2018. 132: p. 9-16., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30447931

457. Hari, P., Romanus, D., Palumbo, A., Luptakova, K., Rifkin, R. M., Tran, L. M., et.al. Prolonged Duration of Therapy Is Associated With Improved Survival in Patients Treated for Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma in Routine Clinical Care in the United States, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2018. 18(2): p. 152-160., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29395837

458. Engelhardt, M., Therapie des rezidivierten und refraktären multiplen Myeloms, Der Onkologe, 2018. 24(8): p. 613-624.

459. Lopuch, S., Kawalec, P., Wisniewska, N., Effectiveness of targeted therapy as monotherapy or combined therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Hematology, 2015. 20(1): p. 1-10., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24580409

460. Palumbo, A., Chanan-Khan, A., Weisel, K., Nooka, A. K., Masszi, T., Beksac, M., et.al. Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2016. 375(8): p. 754-66., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27557302

461. Botta, C., Ciliberto, D., Rossi, M., Staropoli, N., Cuce, M., Galeano, T., et.al. Network meta-analysis of randomized trials in multiple myeloma: efficacy and safety in relapsed/refractory patients, Blood Adv, 2017. 1(7): p. 455-466., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29296961

462. Chng, W. J., Goldschmidt, H., Dimopoulos, M. A., Moreau, P., Joshua, D., Palumbo, A., et.al. Carfilzomib-dexamethasone vs bortezomib-dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma by cytogenetic risk in the phase 3 study ENDEAVOR, Leukemia, 2017. 31(6): p. 1368-1374., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025582

463. Dimopoulos, M. A., Goldschmidt, H., Niesvizky, R., Joshua, D., Chng, W. J., Oriol, A., et.al. Carfilzomib or bortezomib in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): an interim overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2017. 18(10): p. 1327-1337., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28843768

464. Kropff, M., Vogel, M., Bisping, G., Schlag, R., Weide, R., Knauf, W., et.al. Bortezomib and low-dose dexamethasone with or without continuous low-dose oral cyclophosphamide for primary refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma: a randomized phase III study, Ann Hematol, 2017. 96(11): p. 1857-1866., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28905189

465. Moreau, P., Joshua, D., Chng, W. J., Palumbo, A., Goldschmidt, H., Hajek, R., et.al. Impact of prior treatment on patients with relapsed multiple myeloma treated with carfilzomib and dexamethasone vs bortezomib and dexamethasone in the phase 3 ENDEAVOR study, Leukemia, 2017. 31(1): p. 115-122., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27491641

466. Ruggeri, Kai, Maguire, Áine, Schmitz, Susanne, Haller, Elisa, Walsh, Cathal, Bowden, Jack, et.al. Estimating the Relative Effectiveness of Treatments in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma through a Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis, Blood, 2015. 126(23): p. 2103-2103.

467. Sun, Z., Zheng, F., Wu, S., Liu, Y., Guo, H., Liu, Y., Triplet versus doublet combination regimens for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: A meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials, Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2017. 113: p. 249-255., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28427514

468. van Beurden-Tan, C. H. Y., Franken, M. G., Blommestein, H. M., Uyl-de Groot, C. A., Sonneveld, P., Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Treatment Outcomes in Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2017. 35(12): p. 1312-1319., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28240968

469. Zhang, T., Wang, S., Lin, T., Xie, J., Zhao, L., Liang, Z., et.al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of novel monoclonal antibodies for treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, Oncotarget, 2017. 8(20): p. 34001-34017., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28454113

470. Dimopoulos, M. A., Moreau, P., Palumbo, A., Joshua, D., Pour, L., Hajek, R., et.al. Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study, Lancet Oncol, 2016. 17(1): p. 27-38., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26671818

471. Nooka, Ajay K., Kaufman, Jonathan L., Lonial, Sagar, Efficacy and safety of triplet versus doublet salvage therapies among relapsed myeloma patients: Meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized controlled trials, Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2016. 34(15_suppl): p. 8020-8020., https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.34.15_suppl.8020

472. Chim, C. S., Kumar, S. K., Orlowski, R. Z., Cook, G., Richardson, P. G., Gertz, M. A., et.al. Management of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: novel agents, antibodies, immunotherapies and beyond, Leukemia, 2018. 32(2): p. 252-262., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29257139

473. Mateos, M. V., Oriol, A., Martinez-Lopez, J., Gutierrez, N., Teruel, A. I., de Paz, R., et.al. Bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone versus bortezomib, thalidomide, and prednisone as induction therapy followed by maintenance treatment with bortezomib and thalidomide versus bortezomib and prednisone in elderly patients with untreated multiple myeloma: a randomised trial, Lancet Oncol, 2010. 11(10): p. 934-41., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20739218

474. Ludwig, H., Sonneveld, P., Davies, F., Blade, J., Boccadoro, M., Cavo, M., et.al. European perspective on multiple myeloma treatment strategies in 2014, Oncologist, 2014. 19(8): p. 829-44., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25063227

475. Madan, S., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., Gertz, M. A., Buadi, F., Hayman, S. R., et.al. Efficacy of retreatment with immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) in patients receiving IMiDs for initial therapy of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Blood, 2011. 118(7): p. 1763-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21673347

476. Petrucci, M. T., Giraldo, P., Corradini, P., Teixeira, A., Dimopoulos, M. A., Blau, I. W., et.al. A prospective, international phase 2 study of bortezomib retreatment in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, Br J Haematol, 2013. 160(5): p. 649-59., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23293914

477. Lonial, S., Dimopoulos, M., Palumbo, A., White, D., Grosicki, S., Spicka, I., et.al. Elotuzumab Therapy for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2015. 373(7): p. 621-31., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26035255

478. Stewart, A. K., Rajkumar, S. V., Dimopoulos, M. A., Masszi, T., Spicka, I., Oriol, A., et.al. Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for relapsed multiple myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2015. 372(2): p. 142-52., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25482145

479. Attal, M, Lauwers-Cances, V, Hulin, C, Leleu, X, Caillot, D, Escoffre, M, et.al. Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone with Transplantation for Myeloma, New England journal of medicine, 2017. 376(14): p. 1311-1320., http://cochranelibrary-wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/128/CN-01365128/frame.html, https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1611750?articleTools=true

480. Sellner, L., Heiss, C., Benner, A., Raab, M. S., Hillengass, J., Hose, D., et.al. Autologous retransplantation for patients with recurrent multiple myeloma: a single-center experience with 200 patients, Cancer, 2013. 119(13): p. 2438-46., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23576287

481. Cook, G., Williams, C., Brown, J. M., Cairns, D. A., Cavenagh, J., Snowden, J. A., et.al. High-dose chemotherapy plus autologous stem-cell transplantation as consolidation therapy in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma after previous autologous stem-cell transplantation (NCRI Myeloma X Relapse [Intensive trial]): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2014. 15(8): p. 874-85., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948586

482. Crawley, C., Lalancette, M., Szydlo, R., Gilleece, M., Peggs, K., Mackinnon, S., et.al. Outcomes for reduced-intensity allogeneic transplantation for multiple myeloma: an analysis of prognostic factors from the Chronic Leukaemia Working Party of the EBMT, Blood, 2005. 105(11): p. 4532-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731182

483. Giralt, S., Garderet, L., Durie, B., Cook, G., Gahrton, G., Bruno, B., et.al. American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network, and International Myeloma Working Group Consensus Conference on Salvage Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients with Relapsed Multiple Myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2015. 21(12): p. 2039-2051., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26428082

484. Kumar, S., Mahmood, S. T., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., Hayman, S. R., Buadi, F. K., et.al. Impact of early relapse after auto-SCT for multiple myeloma, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2008. 42(6): p. 413-20., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18587435

485. Koreth, J., Cutler, C. S., Djulbegovic, B., Behl, R., Schlossman, R. L., Munshi, N. C., et.al. High-dose therapy with single autologous transplantation versus chemotherapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2007. 13(2): p. 183-96., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17241924

486. Benboubker, L., Dimopoulos, M. A., Dispenzieri, A., Catalano, J., Belch, A. R., Cavo, M., et.al. Lenalidomide and dexamethasone in transplant-ineligible patients with myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2014. 371(10): p. 906-17., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25184863

487. Kumar, S. K., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., Buadi, F. K., Hayman, S. R., Dingli, D., et.al. Early versus delayed autologous transplantation after immunomodulatory agents-based induction therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Cancer, 2012. 118(6): p. 1585-92., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22009602

488. Dunavin, N. C., Wei, L., Elder, P., Phillips, G. S., Benson, D. M., Jr., Hofmeister, C. C., et.al. Early versus delayed autologous stem cell transplant in patients receiving novel therapies for multiple myeloma, Leuk Lymphoma, 2013. 54(8): p. 1658-64., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23194056

489. Gay, F., Oliva, S., Petrucci, M. T., Montefusco, V., Conticello, C., Musto, P., et.al. Autologous transplant vs oral chemotherapy and lenalidomide in newly diagnosed young myeloma patients: a pooled analysis, Leukemia, 2017. 31(8): p. 1727-1734., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28008174

490. National Collaborating Centre for, C., National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Clinical Guidelines. Myeloma: Diagnosis and Management, London, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK), 2016.

491. Cook, G., Ashcroft, A. J., Cairns, D. A., Williams, C. D., Brown, J. M., Cavenagh, J. D., et.al. The effect of salvage autologous stem-cell transplantation on overall survival in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (final results from BSBMT/UKMF Myeloma X Relapse [Intensive]): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial, Lancet Haematol, 2016. 3(7): p. e340-51., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27374467

492. Jimenez-Zepeda, V. H., Mikhael, J., Winter, A., Franke, N., Masih-Khan, E., Trudel, S., et.al. Second autologous stem cell transplantation as salvage therapy for multiple myeloma: impact on progression-free and overall survival, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2012. 18(5): p. 773-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22062804

493. Garderet, L., Iacobelli, S., Koster, L., Goldschmidt, H., Johansson, J. E., Bourhis, J. H., et.al. Outcome of a Salvage Third Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2018. 24(7): p. 1372-1378., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29408334

494. Lemieux, E., Hulin, C., Caillot, D., Tardy, S., Dorvaux, V., Michel, J., et.al. Autologous stem cell transplantation: an effective salvage therapy in multiple myeloma, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2013. 19(3): p. 445-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23186983

495. Goldschmidt, H., Baertsch, M. A., Schlenzka, J., Becker, N., Habermehl, C., Hielscher, T., et.al. Salvage autologous transplant and lenalidomide maintenance vs. lenalidomide/dexamethasone for relapsed multiple myeloma: the randomized GMMG phase III trial ReLApsE, Leukemia, 2021. 35(4): p. 1134-1144., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32694619

496. Bjorkstrand, B. B., Ljungman, P., Svensson, H., Hermans, J., Alegre, A., Apperley, J., et.al. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: a retrospective case-matched study from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Blood, 1996. 88(12): p. 4711-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8977265

497. El-Cheikh, J., J.-M. Crocchiolo R Fau - Boher, S. Boher Jm Fau - Furst, A.-M. Furst S Fau - Stoppa, P. Stoppa Am Fau - Ladaique, C. Ladaique P Fau - Faucher, B. Faucher C Fau - Calmels, L. Calmels B Fau - Castagna, C. Castagna L Fau - Lemarie, J.-M. S. Lemarie C Fau - De Colella, D. De Colella Jm Fau - Coso, R. Coso D Fau - Bouabdallah, C. Bouabdallah R Fau - Chabannon, D. Chabannon C Fau - Blaise and D. Blaise, Comparable outcomes between unrelated and related donors after reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma, 1600-0609 (Electronic), 2012.

498. Freytes, C. O., Vesole, D. H., LeRademacher, J., Zhong, X., Gale, R. P., Kyle, R. A., et.al. Second transplants for multiple myeloma relapsing after a previous autotransplant-reduced-intensity allogeneic vs autologous transplantation, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2014. 49(3): p. 416-21., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24270389

499. Patriarca, F., Bruno, B., Einsele, H., Spina, F., Giaccone, L., Montefusco, V., et.al. Long-Term Follow-Up of a Donor versus No-Donor Comparison in Patients with Multiple Myeloma in First Relapse after Failing Autologous Transplantation, Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2018. 24(2): p. 406-409., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29032267

500. Kumar, S. K., Dimopoulos, M. A., Kastritis, E., Terpos, E., Nahi, H., Goldschmidt, H., et.al. Natural history of relapsed myeloma, refractory to immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors: a multicenter IMWG study, Leukemia, 2017. 31(11): p. 2443-2448., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28620163

501. Dimopoulos, MA, Dytfeld, D, Grosicki, S, Moreau, P, Takezako, N, Hori, M, et.al. Elotuzumab plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma., N Engl J Med, 2018. 379 (19)(19): p. 1811-1822., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30403938/

502. Richardson, P. G., Oriol, A., Beksac, M., Liberati, A. M., Galli, M., Schjesvold, F., et.al. Pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma previously treated with lenalidomide (OPTIMISMM): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2019. 20(6): p. 781-794., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31097405

503. Dimopoulos, M, Quach, H, Mateos, MV, Landgren, O, Leleu, X, Siegel, D, et.al. Carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CANDOR): results from a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study., Lancet, 2020. 396 (10245)(10245): p. 186-197., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32682484/

504. Moreau, P, Dimopoulos, MA, Mikhael, J, Yong, K, Capra, M, Facon, T, et.al. Isatuximab, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma (IKEMA): a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial., Lancet, 2021. 397 (10292)(10292): p. 2361-2371., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34097854/

505. Usmani, SZ, Nahi, H, Plesner, T, Weiss, BM, Bahlis, NJ, Belch, A, et.al. Daratumumab monotherapy in patients with heavily pretreated relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: final results from the phase 2 GEN501 and SIRIUS trials., Lancet Haematol, 2020. 7 (6)(6): p. e447-e455., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32470437/

506. Lonial, S, Lee, HC, Badros, A, Trudel, S, Nooka, AK, Chari, A, et.al. Belantamab mafodotin for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (DREAMM-2): a two-arm, randomised, open-label, phase 2 study., Lancet Oncol, 2020. 21 (2)(2): p. 207-221., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31859245/

507. Munshi, NC, Anderson, LD, Shah, N, Madduri, D, Berdeja, J, Lonial, S, et.al. Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma., N Engl J Med, 2021. 384 (8)(8): p. 705-716., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33626253/

508. Knop, S., Straka, C., Haen, M., Schwedes, R., Hebart, H., Einsele, H., The efficacy and toxicity of bendamustine in recurrent multiple myeloma after high-dose chemotherapy, Haematologica, 2005. 90(9): p. 1287-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16154860

509. Orlowski, R. Z., Nagler, A., Sonneveld, P., Blade, J., Hajek, R., Spencer, A., et.al. Randomized phase III study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plus bortezomib compared with bortezomib alone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: combination therapy improves time to progression, J Clin Oncol, 2007. 25(25): p. 3892-901., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17679727

510. Sonneveld, P., Hajek, R., Nagler, A., Spencer, A., Blade, J., Robak, T., et.al. Combined pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and bortezomib is highly effective in patients with recurrent or refractory multiple myeloma who received prior thalidomide/lenalidomide therapy, Cancer, 2008. 112(7): p. 1529-37., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18300257

511. Cheson, B. D., Wendtner, C. M., Pieper, A., Dreyling, M., Friedberg, J., Hoelzer, D., et.al. Optimal use of bendamustine in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and multiple myeloma: treatment recommendations from an international consensus panel, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2010. 10(1): p. 21-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20223726

512. Cohen, A., Spektor, T. M., Stampleman, L., Bessudo, A., Rosen, P. J., Klein, L. M., et.al. Safety and efficacy of pomalidomide, dexamethasone and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, Br J Haematol, 2018. 180(1): p. 60-70., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29164606

513. Sivaraj, D., Green, M. M., Kang, Y., Long, G. D., Rizzieri, D. A., Li, Z., et.al. Bendamustine, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma, Blood Cancer J, 2018. 8(8): p. 71., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30065277

514. Auel, B., Goldschmidt, H., Geer, T., Moehler, T. M., Platzbecker, U., Naumann, R., et.al. Treatment with Thalidomide and Cyclophosphamide (TCID) is Superior to Vincristine (VID) and to Vinorelbine (VRID) Regimens in Patients with Refractory or Recurrent Multiple Myeloma, Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus, 2012. 28(2): p. 67-76., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23730012

515. Griffin, P. T., Ho, V. Q., Fulp, W., Nishihori, T., Shain, K. H., Alsina, M., et.al. A comparison of salvage infusional chemotherapy regimens for recurrent/refractory multiple myeloma, Cancer, 2015. 121(20): p. 3622-30., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26149422

516. Lakshman, A., Singh, P. P., Rajkumar, S. V., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Gertz, M. A., et.al. Efficacy of VDT PACE-like regimens in treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, Am J Hematol, 2018. 93(2): p. 179-186., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29067723

517. Chari, A., Vogl, D. T., Gavriatopoulou, M., Nooka, A. K., Yee, A. J., Huff, C. A., et.al. Oral Selinexor-Dexamethasone for Triple-Class Refractory Multiple Myeloma, N Engl J Med, 2019. 381(8): p. 727-738., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31433920

518. Jodrell, D. I., Iveson, T. J., Smith, I. E., Symptomatic hypocalcaemia after treatment with high-dose aminohydroxypropylidene diphosphonate, Lancet, 1987. 1(8533): p. 622., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2881152

519. Lipton, A., Fizazi, K., Stopeck, A. T., Henry, D. H., Brown, J. E., Yardley, D. A., et.al. Superiority of denosumab to zoledronic acid for prevention of skeletal-related events: a combined analysis of 3 pivotal, randomised, phase 3 trials, Eur J Cancer, 2012. 48(16): p. 3082-92., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22975218

520. Gartrell, B. A., Coleman, R. E., Fizazi, K., Miller, K., Saad, F., Sternberg, C. N., et.al. Toxicities following treatment with bisphosphonates and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand inhibitors in patients with advanced prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 2014. 65(2): p. 278-86., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23706567

521. Body, J. J., Bone, H. G., de Boer, R. H., Stopeck, A., Van Poznak, C., Damiao, R., et.al. Hypocalcaemia in patients with metastatic bone disease treated with denosumab, Eur J Cancer, 2015. 51(13): p. 1812-21., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26093811

522. Rosen, C. J., Brown, S., Severe hypocalcemia after intravenous bisphosphonate therapy in occult vitamin D deficiency, N Engl J Med, 2003. 348(15): p. 1503-4., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12686715

523. Hanamura, M., Iwamoto, T., Soga, N., Sugimura, Y., Okuda, M., Risk factors contributing to the development of hypocalcemia after zoledronic acid administration in patients with bone metastases of solid tumor, Biol Pharm Bull, 2010. 33(4): p. 721-4., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20410614

524. Smith, M. R., Saad, F., Coleman, R., Shore, N., Fizazi, K., Tombal, B., et.al. Denosumab and bone-metastasis-free survival in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results of a phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, 2012. 379(9810): p. 39-46., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22093187

525. Mhaskar, R., Kumar, A., Miladinovic, B., Djulbegovic, B., Bisphosphonates in multiple myeloma: an updated network meta-analysis, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017. 12(12): p. CD003188., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29253322

526. Saad, F., Lipton, A., Cook, R., Chen, Y. M., Smith, M., Coleman, R., Pathologic fractures correlate with reduced survival in patients with malignant bone disease, Cancer, 2007. 110(8): p. 1860-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17763372

527. S, c, h, i, e, g, et.al. S3-Leitlinie Antiresorptiva-assoziierte Kiefernekrosen, AWMF Registernummer: 007-091, 2017., https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/007-091.html

528. Raje, N., Vadhan-Raj, S., Willenbacher, W., Terpos, E., Hungria, V., Spencer, A., et.al. Evaluating results from the multiple myeloma patient subset treated with denosumab or zoledronic acid in a randomized phase 3 trial, Blood Cancer J, 2016. 6(1): p. e378., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26745852

529. Diel, I. J., Body, J. J., Stopeck, A. T., Vadhan-Raj, S., Spencer, A., Steger, G., et.al. The role of denosumab in the prevention of hypercalcaemia of malignancy in cancer patients with metastatic bone disease, Eur J Cancer, 2015. 51(11): p. 1467-75., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25976743

530. Raje, N., Terpos, E., Willenbacher, W., Shimizu, K., Garcia-Sanz, R., Durie, B., et.al. Denosumab versus zoledronic acid in bone disease treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an international, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, controlled, phase 3 study, Lancet Oncol, 2018. 19(3): p. 370-381., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29429912

531. Henry, D. H., Costa, L., Goldwasser, F., Hirsh, V., Hungria, V., Prausova, J., et.al. Randomized, double-blind study of denosumab versus zoledronic acid in the treatment of bone metastases in patients with advanced cancer (excluding breast and prostate cancer) or multiple myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(9): p. 1125-32., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21343556

532. Odejide, O. O., Li, L., Cronin, A. M., Murillo, A., Richardson, P. G., Anderson, K. C., et.al. Meaningful changes in end-of-life care among patients with myeloma, Haematologica, 2018. 103(8): p. 1380-1389., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29748440

533. Terpos, E., Kleber, M., Engelhardt, M., Zweegman, S., Gay, F., Kastritis, E., et.al. European Myeloma Network guidelines for the management of multiple myeloma-related complications, Haematologica, 2015. 100(10): p. 1254-66., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26432383

534. Bamias, A., Kastritis, E., Bamia, C., Moulopoulos, L. A., Melakopoulos, I., Bozas, G., et.al. Osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer after treatment with bisphosphonates: incidence and risk factors, J Clin Oncol, 2005. 23(34): p. 8580-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16314620

535. Himelstein, A. L., Foster, J. C., Khatcheressian, J. L., Roberts, J. D., Seisler, D. K., Novotny, P. J., et.al. Effect of Longer-Interval vs Standard Dosing of Zoledronic Acid on Skeletal Events in Patients With Bone Metastases: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA, 2017. 317(1): p. 48-58., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28030702

536. McCloskey, E. V., Dunn, J. A., Kanis, J. A., MacLennan, I. C., Drayson, M. T., Long-term follow-up of a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of clodronate in multiple myeloma, Br J Haematol, 2001. 113(4): p. 1035-43., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11442499

537. Rieger, C. T., Liss, B., Mellinghoff, S., Buchheidt, D., Cornely, O. A., Egerer, G., et.al. Anti-infective vaccination strategies in patients with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors-Guideline of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO), Ann Oncol, 2018. 29(6): p. 1354-1365., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29688266

538. Robertson, J. D., Nagesh, K., Jowitt, S. N., Dougal, M., Anderson, H., Mutton, K., et.al. Immunogenicity of vaccination against influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B in patients with multiple myeloma, Br J Cancer, 2000. 82(7): p. 1261-5., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10755398

539. Branagan, A. R., Duffy, E., Albrecht, R. A., Cooper, D. L., Seropian, S., Parker, T. L., et.al. Clinical and Serologic Responses After a Two-dose Series of High-dose Influenza Vaccine in Plasma Cell Disorders: A Prospective, Single-arm Trial, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2017. 17(5): p. 296-304 e2., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28343904

540. Nucci, M., Anaissie, E., Infections in patients with multiple myeloma in the era of high-dose therapy and novel agents, Clin Infect Dis, 2009. 49(8): p. 1211-25., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19769539

541. Augustson, B. M., Begum, G., Dunn, J. A., Barth, N. J., Davies, F., Morgan, G., et.al. Early mortality after diagnosis of multiple myeloma: analysis of patients entered onto the United kingdom Medical Research Council trials between 1980 and 2002--Medical Research Council Adult Leukaemia Working Party, J Clin Oncol, 2005. 23(36): p. 9219-26., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16275935

542. Hsu, P., Lin, T. W., Gau, J. P., Yu, Y. B., Hsiao, L. T., Tzeng, C. H., et.al. Risk of Early Mortality in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, Medicine (Baltimore), 2015. 94(50): p. e2305., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26683968

543. Savage, D. G., Lindenbaum, J., Garrett, T. J., Biphasic pattern of bacterial infection in multiple myeloma, Ann Intern Med, 1982. 96(1): p. 47-50., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6976144

544. Biran, N., Jacobus, S., Vesole, D. H., Callander, N. S., Fonseca, R., Williams, M. E., et.al. Outcome with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone followed by early autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma on the ECOG-ACRIN E4A03 randomized clinical trial: long-term follow-up, Blood Cancer J, 2016. 6(9): p. e466., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27588519

545. Sokulska, M., Kicia, M., Wesolowska, M., Hendrich, A. B., Pneumocystis jirovecii--from a commensal to pathogen: clinical and diagnostic review, Parasitol Res, 2015. 114(10): p. 3577-85., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26281787

546. Avino, Laura J., Naylor, Shane M., Roecker, Andrew M., Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in the Non–HIV-Infected Population, Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2016. 50(8): p. 673-679., https://doi.org/10.1177/1060028016650107

547. Dimopoulos, M. A., , A. Palumbo, , M. Attal, , M. Beksac, , F. E. Davies, , M. Delforge, , et.al. Optimizing the use of lenalidomide in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: consensus statement, Leukemia, 2011. 25(5): p. 749-760.

548. Dimopoulos, M. A., Leleu, X., Palumbo, A., Moreau, P., Delforge, M., Cavo, M., et.al. Expert panel consensus statement on the optimal use of pomalidomide in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, Leukemia, 2014. 28(8): p. 1573-85., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24496300

549. Kapoor, P., Rajkumar, S. V., Dispenzieri, A., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Dingli, D., et.al. Melphalan and prednisone versus melphalan, prednisone and thalidomide for elderly and/or transplant ineligible patients with multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis, Leukemia, 2011. 25(4): p. 689-96., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21233832

550. Vickrey, E., Allen, S., Mehta, J., Singhal, S., Acyclovir to prevent reactivation of varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster) in multiple myeloma patients receiving bortezomib therapy, Cancer, 2009. 115(1): p. 229-32., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19090004

551. Teh, B. W., Harrison, S. J., Worth, L. J., Slavin, M. A., Antiviral prophylaxis for varicella zoster virus infections in patients with myeloma in the era of novel therapies, Leuk Lymphoma, 2016. 57(7): p. 1719-22., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26727243

552. Bhatnagar, V., Gormley, N. J., Luo, L., Shen, Y. L., Sridhara, R., Subramaniam, S., et.al. FDA Approval Summary: Daratumumab for Treatment of Multiple Myeloma After One Prior Therapy, Oncologist, 2017. 22(11): p. 1347-1353., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28904172

553. Drayson, M. T., Bowcock, S., Planche, T., Iqbal, G., Pratt, G., Yong, K., et.al. Levofloxacin prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma (TEAMM): a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2019. 20(12): p. 1760-1772., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31668592

554. Raanani, P., Gafter-Gvili, A., Paul, M., Ben-Bassat, I., Leibovici, L., Shpilberg, O., Immunoglobulin prophylaxis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma: systematic review and meta-analysis, Leuk Lymphoma, 2009. 50(5): p. 764-72., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19330654

555. Blimark, C., Holmberg, E., Mellqvist, U. H., Landgren, O., Bjorkholm, M., Hultcrantz, M., et.al. Multiple myeloma and infections: a population-based study on 9253 multiple myeloma patients, Haematologica, 2015. 100(1): p. 107-13., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25344526

556. Raanani, P., Gafter-Gvili, A., Paul, M., Ben-Bassat, I., Leibovici, L., Shpilberg, O., Immunoglobulin prophylaxis in hematological malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008. p. CD006501., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843719

557. Weide, R., Feiten, S., Friesenhahn, V., Heymanns, J., Kleboth, K., Thomalla, J., et.al. [Immunoglobulin substitution in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma], Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 2015. 140(19): p. e201-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26402188

558. Reiser, M., Borte, M., Huscher, D., Baumann, U., Pittrow, D., Sommer, C., et.al. Management of patients with malignancies and secondary immunodeficiencies treated with immunoglobulins in clinical practice: Long-term data of the SIGNS study, Eur J Haematol, 2017. 99(2): p. 169-177., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28467615

559. Blom, J. W., Doggen, C. J., Osanto, S., Rosendaal, F. R., Malignancies, prothrombotic mutations, and the risk of venous thrombosis, JAMA, 2005. 293(6): p. 715-22., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15701913

560. Palumbo, A., Rajkumar, S. V., Dimopoulos, M. A., Richardson, P. G., San Miguel, J., Barlogie, B., et.al. Prevention of thalidomide- and lenalidomide-associated thrombosis in myeloma, Leukemia, 2008. 22(2): p. 414-23., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18094721

561. Miguel, J. S., Weisel, K., Moreau, P., Lacy, M., Song, K., Delforge, M., et.al. Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone versus high-dose dexamethasone alone for patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM-003): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 2013. 14(11): p. 1055-1066., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24007748

562. Palumbo, A., Cavo, M., Bringhen, S., Zamagni, E., Romano, A., Patriarca, F., et.al. Aspirin, warfarin, or enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis in patients with multiple myeloma treated with thalidomide: a phase III, open-label, randomized trial, J Clin Oncol, 2011. 29(8): p. 986-93., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21282540

563. Larocca, A., Cavallo, F., Bringhen, S., Di Raimondo, F., Falanga, A., Evangelista, A., et.al. Aspirin or enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with lenalidomide, Blood, 2012. 119(4): p. 933-9; quiz 1093., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835953

564. Baraldi-Junkins, C. A., Beck, A. C., Rothstein, G., Hematopoiesis and cytokines. Relevance to cancer and aging, Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 2000. 14(1): p. 45-61, viii., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10680071

565. Silvestris, F., Cafforio, P., Grinello, D., Dammacco, F., Upregulation of erythroblast apoptosis by malignant plasma cells: a new pathogenetic mechanism of anemia in multiple myeloma, Rev Clin Exp Hematol, 2002. Suppl 1: p. 39-46., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12735214

566. Silvestris, F., Cafforio, P., Tucci, M., Dammacco, F., Negative regulation of erythroblast maturation by Fas-L(+)/TRAIL(+) highly malignant plasma cells: a major pathogenetic mechanism of anemia in multiple myeloma, Blood, 2002. 99(4): p. 1305-13., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11830480

567. Benson, Al B., Ajani, Jaffer A., Catalano, Robert B., Engelking, Constance, Kornblau, Steven M., Martenson, James A., et.al. Recommended Guidelines for the Treatment of Cancer Treatment-Induced Diarrhea, Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2004. 22(14): p. 2918-2926., https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2004.04.132

568. Gao, X., Shen, L., Li, X., Liu, J., Efficacy and toxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitors in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials, Exp Ther Med, 2019. 18(2): p. 1057-1068., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31363365

569. Moreau, P., Richardson, P. G., Cavo, M., Orlowski, R. Z., San Miguel, J. F., Palumbo, A., et.al. Proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma: 10 years later, Blood, 2012. 120(5): p. 947-59., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22645181

570. Pawlyn, C., Khan, M. S., Muls, A., Sriskandarajah, P., Kaiser, M. F., Davies, F. E., et.al. Lenalidomide-induced diarrhea in patients with myeloma is caused by bile acid malabsorption that responds to treatment, Blood, 2014. 124(15): p. 2467-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301337

571. Ramsenthaler, C., Kane, P., Gao, W., Siegert, R. J., Edmonds, P. M., Schey, S. A., et.al. Prevalence of symptoms in patients with multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Eur J Haematol, 2016. 97(5): p. 416-429., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27528496

572. Drappatz, J., Batchelor, T., Neurologic complications of plasma cell disorders, Clin Lymphoma, 2004. 5(3): p. 163-71., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15636691

573. Onkologie, L., Erweiterte S3-Leitlinie Palliativmedizin für Patienten mit einer nicht-heilbaren Krebserkrankung, 2020.

574. World Health Organization, WHO guidelines for the pharmacological and radiotherapeutic management of cancer pain in adults and adolescents, 2018.

575. Organization, World Health, WHO guidelines for the pharmacological and radiotherapeutic management of cancer pain in adults and adolescents. Geneva., 2018.

576. Schwabe, U., Paffrath, D., Arzneiverordnungs-Report 2012: Aktuelle Daten, Kosten, Trends und Kommentare, Springer-Verlag, 2012.

577. King, S. J., Reid, C., Forbes, K., Hanks, G., A systematic review of oxycodone in the management of cancer pain, Palliat Med, 2011. 25(5): p. 454-70., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21708852

578. Pigni, A., Brunelli, C., Caraceni, A., The role of hydromorphone in cancer pain treatment: a systematic review, Palliat Med, 2011. 25(5): p. 471-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21708853

579. Zeppetella, G., Opioids for the management of breakthrough cancer pain in adults: a systematic review undertaken as part of an EPCRC opioid guidelines project, Palliat Med, 2011. 25(5): p. 516-24., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21708858

580. Zeppetella, G., Davies, A. N., Opioids for the management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013. p. CD004311., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24142465

581. Ärzteschaft, Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen, ""UAW-News" – International. Nephrotisches Syndrom und interstitielle Nephritis unter Celecoxib, Deutsches Ärzteblatt, 2004. 101(38): p. A 2567.

582. Bennett, M. I., Effectiveness of antiepileptic or antidepressant drugs when added to opioids for cancer pain: systematic review, Palliat Med, 2011. 25(5): p. 553-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671006

583. Mishra, S., Bhatnagar, S., Goyal, G. N., Rana, S. P., Upadhya, S. P., A comparative efficacy of amitriptyline, gabapentin, and pregabalin in neuropathic cancer pain: a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, Am J Hosp Palliat Care, 2012. 29(3): p. 177-82., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21745832

584. Schumacher, A., Stellenwert der Psychoonkologie im neuen deutschen Gesundheitssystem, Der Onkologe, 2004. 10(S02): p. S98-S102., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-004-0692-5

585. Weis J, Schumacher A, Blettner G, Determann M, Reinert E, Rüffer JU, u. a., Psychoonkologie: Konzepte und Aufgaben einer jungen Fachdisziplin., Der Onkologe, 2007. 13(2): p. 185–94.

586. Schwarz, R., Götze, H., Psychosoziale Behandlung und ambulante Psychotherapie von Krebspatienten-Theorie und Praxis, 2008. p. 82-88.

587. Koch, U., Weis, J., Krankheitsbewältigung bei Krebs und Möglichkeiten der Unterstützung. Der Förderschwerpunkt „Rehabilitation von Krebskranken“, Schattauer, 1998. p. 507.

588. Weis, J., Wickert, M., Singer, S., Heckl, U., Aktuelle Versorgungsstrukturen in der Psychoonkologie, Nervenheilkunde, 2018. 30(03): p. 124-130.

589. Onkologie, L., S3-Leitlinie Psychoonkologische Diagnostik, Beratung und Behandlung von erwachsenen Krebspatienten, 2014.

590. Radbruch, L., Payne, S., White Paper on standards and norms for hospice and palliative care in Europe: part 1, European Journal of Palliative Care, 2009. 16(6): p. p. 278-289.

591. WHO, WHO Definition of Palliative Care, 2019., https://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en/

592. Tandon, N., Rajkumar, S. V., LaPlant, B., Pettinger, A., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., et.al. Clinical utility of the Revised International Staging System in unselected patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma, Blood Cancer J, 2017. 7(2): p. e528., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28211889

593. Alt-Epping, B., F. Nauck and N. Schneider, Leben bis zuletzt. Hausärztliche und spezialisierte Palliativversorgung bei schwerstkranken Patienten, Der Hausarzt, 2012. 11: p. 43-46.

594. Dalgaard, K. M., Bergenholtz, H., Nielsen, M. E., Timm, H., Early integration of palliative care in hospitals: A systematic review on methods, barriers, and outcome, Palliat Support Care, 2014. 12(6): p. 495-513., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24621947

595. Davis, M. P., Temel, J. S., Balboni, T., Glare, P., A review of the trials which examine early integration of outpatient and home palliative care for patients with serious illnesses, Ann Palliat Med, 2015. 4(3): p. 99-121., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26231807

596. Hui, D., Kim, Y. J., Park, J. C., Zhang, Y., Strasser, F., Cherny, N., et.al. Integration of oncology and palliative care: a systematic review, Oncologist, 2015. 20(1): p. 77-83., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25480826

597. Hui, D., Meng, Y. C., Bruera, S., Geng, Y., Hutchins, R., Mori, M., et.al. Referral Criteria for Outpatient Palliative Cancer Care: A Systematic Review, Oncologist, 2016. 21(7): p. 895-901., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27185614

598. Tassinari, D., Drudi, F., Monterubbianesi, M. C., Stocchi, L., Ferioli, I., Marzaloni, A., et.al. Early Palliative Care in Advanced Oncologic and Non-Oncologic Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Literature, Rev Recent Clin Trials, 2016. 11(1): p. 63-71., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26464077

599. Adler, K., S. Schlieper, D. Kindgen-Milles, S. Meier, J. Schwartz, P. van Caster, M. S. Schaefer and M. Neukirchen, Integration der Palliativmedizin in die Intensivmedizin: Systematische Übersichtsarbeit, Anaesthesist, 2017. 66: p. 660-666.

600. Gaertner, J., Siemens, W., Meerpohl, J. J., Antes, G., Meffert, C., Xander, C., et.al. Effect of specialist palliative care services on quality of life in adults with advanced incurable illness in hospital, hospice, or community settings: systematic review and meta-analysis, BMJ, 2017. 357: p. j2925., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28676557

601. Haun, M. W., Estel, S., Rucker, G., Friederich, H. C., Villalobos, M., Thomas, M., et.al. Early palliative care for adults with advanced cancer, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017. 6(6): p. CD011129., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28603881

602. El-Jawahri, A., LeBlanc, T., VanDusen, H., Traeger, L., Greer, J. A., Pirl, W. F., et.al. Effect of Inpatient Palliative Care on Quality of Life 2 Weeks After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA, 2016. 316(20): p. 2094-2103., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27893130

603. El-Jawahri, A., Traeger, L., Greer, J. A., VanDusen, H., Fishman, S. R., LeBlanc, T. W., et.al. Effect of Inpatient Palliative Care During Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplant on Psychological Distress 6 Months After Transplant: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial, J Clin Oncol, 2017. 35(32): p. 3714-3721., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28926288

604. Porta-Sales, J., Guerrero-Torrelles, M., Moreno-Alonso, D., Sarra-Escarre, J., Clapes-Puig, V., Trelis-Navarro, J., et.al. Is Early Palliative Care Feasible in Patients With Multiple Myeloma?, J Pain Symptom Manage, 2017. 54(5): p. 692-700., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28807703

605. Button, E., Gavin, N. C., Chan, R. J., Connell, S., Butler, J., Yates, P., Harnessing the power of clinician judgement. Identifying risk of deteriorating and dying in people with a haematological malignancy: A Delphi study, J Adv Nurs, 2019. 75(1): p. 161-174., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30375000

606. Odejide, O. O., Salas Coronado, D. Y., Watts, C. D., Wright, A. A., Abel, G. A., End-of-life care for blood cancers: a series of focus groups with hematologic oncologists, J Oncol Pract, 2014. 10(6): p. e396-403., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25294393

607. Odejide, O. O., Cronin, A. M., Condron, N. B., Fletcher, S. A., Earle, C. C., Tulsky, J. A., et.al. Barriers to Quality End-of-Life Care for Patients With Blood Cancers, J Clin Oncol, 2016. 34(26): p. 3126-32., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27400944

608. Wisloff, F., Hjorth, M., Health-related quality of life assessed before and during chemotherapy predicts for survival in multiple myeloma. Nordic Myeloma Study Group, Br J Haematol, 1997. 97(1): p. 29-37., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9136939

609. Dubois, D., Dhawan, R., van de Velde, H., Esseltine, D., Gupta, S., Viala, M., et.al. Descriptive and prognostic value of patient-reported outcomes: the bortezomib experience in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, J Clin Oncol, 2006. 24(6): p. 976-82., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432077

610. Viala, M., Bhakar, A. L., de la Loge, C., van de Velde, H., Esseltine, D., Chang, M., et.al. Patient-reported outcomes helped predict survival in multiple myeloma using partial least squares analysis, J Clin Epidemiol, 2007. 60(7): p. 670-679., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17573982

611. Strasser-Weippl, K., Ludwig, H., Psychosocial QOL is an independent predictor of overall survival in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, Eur J Haematol, 2008. 81(5): p. 374-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18637124

612. Meredith, C., Symonds, P., Webster, L., Lamont, D., Pyper, E., Gillis, C. R., et.al. Information needs of cancer patients in west Scotland: cross sectional survey of patients' views, BMJ, 1996. 313(7059): p. 724-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8819442

613. Oldenmenger, W. H., Sillevis Smitt, P. A., van Dooren, S., Stoter, G., van der Rijt, C. C., A systematic review on barriers hindering adequate cancer pain management and interventions to reduce them: a critical appraisal, Eur J Cancer, 2009. 45(8): p. 1370-80., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19201599

614. ICSI, Health care guidelines: palliative care- 3d edition, Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, 2009.

615. Moss, A. H., Lunney, J. R., Culp, S., Auber, M., Kurian, S., Rogers, J., et.al. Prognostic significance of the "surprise" question in cancer patients, J Palliat Med, 2010. 13(7): p. 837-40., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20636154

616. Ferrell, B. R., Temel, J. S., Temin, S., Alesi, E. R., Balboni, T. A., Basch, E. M., et.al. Integration of Palliative Care Into Standard Oncology Care: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update, J Clin Oncol, 2017. 35(1): p. 96-112., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28034065

617. Hudson, K. E., S. P. Wolf, G. P. Samsa, A. H. Kamal, A. P. Abernethy and T. W. LeBlanc, The Surprise Question and Identification of Palliative Care Needs among Hospitalized Patients with Advanced Hematologic or Solid Malignancies, 2018.

618. Gerlach, C., Goebel, S., Weber, S., Weber, M., Sleeman, K. E., Space for intuition - the 'Surprise'-Question in haemato-oncology: Qualitative analysis of experiences and perceptions of haemato-oncologists, Palliat Med, 2019. 33(5): p. 531-540., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30688151

619. Hunter, E. G., Gibson, R. W., Arbesman, M., D'Amico, M., Systematic Review of Occupational Therapy and Adult Cancer Rehabilitation: Part 2. Impact of Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation and Psychosocial, Sexuality, and Return-to-Work Interventions, Am J Occup Ther, 2017. 71(2): p. 7102100040p1-7102100040p8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28218586

620. Osborne, T. R., Ramsenthaler, C., Siegert, R. J., Edmonds, P. M., Schey, S. A., Higginson, I. J., What issues matter most to people with multiple myeloma and how well are we measuring them? A systematic review of quality of life tools, Eur J Haematol, 2012. 89(6): p. 437-57., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22985406

621. Osborne, T. R., Ramsenthaler, C., de Wolf-Linder, S., Schey, S. A., Siegert, R. J., Edmonds, P. M., et.al. Understanding what matters most to people with multiple myeloma: a qualitative study of views on quality of life, BMC Cancer, 2014. 14: p. 496., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25005145

622. Osborne, T. R., Ramsenthaler, C., Schey, S. A., Siegert, R. J., Edmonds, P. M., Higginson, I. J., Improving the assessment of quality of life in the clinical care of myeloma patients: the development and validation of the Myeloma Patient Outcome Scale (MyPOS), BMC Cancer, 2015. 15(1): p. 280., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25884627

623. Ramsenthaler, C., Gao, W., Siegert, R. J., Schey, S. A., Edmonds, P. M., Higginson, I. J., Longitudinal validity and reliability of the Myeloma Patient Outcome Scale (MyPOS) was established using traditional, generalizability and Rasch psychometric methods, Qual Life Res, 2017. 26(11): p. 2931-2947., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28752440

624. Cocks, K., Cohen, D., Wisloff, F., Sezer, O., Lee, S., Hippe, E., et.al. An international field study of the reliability and validity of a disease-specific questionnaire module (the QLQ-MY20) in assessing the quality of life of patients with multiple myeloma, Eur J Cancer, 2007. 43(11): p. 1670-8., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17574838

625. Molassiotis, A., Wilson, B., Blair, S., Howe, T., Cavet, J., Living with multiple myeloma: experiences of patients and their informal caregivers, Support Care Cancer, 2011. 19(1): p. 101-11., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19998045

626. Quinoa-Salanova, C., Porta-Sales, J., Monforte-Royo, C., Edo-Gual, M., The experiences and needs of primary family caregivers of patients with multiple myeloma: A qualitative analysis, Palliat Med, 2019. 33(5): p. 500-509., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30761947

627. Molassiotis, A., Wilson, B., Blair, S., Howe, T., Cavet, J., Unmet supportive care needs, psychological well-being and quality of life in patients living with multiple myeloma and their partners, Psychooncology, 2011. 20(1): p. 88-97., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20187072

628. Maher, K., de Vries, K., An exploration of the lived experiences of individuals with relapsed multiple myeloma, Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 2011. 20(2): p. 267-75., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20950368

629. Regan, T., Levesque, J. V., Lambert, S. D., Kelly, B., A Qualitative Investigation of Health Care Professionals', Patients' and Partners' Views on Psychosocial Issues and Related Interventions for Couples Coping with Cancer, PLoS One, 2015. 10(7): p. e0133837., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26222890

630. Hulin, C., Hansen, T., Heron, L., Pughe, R., Streetly, M., Plate, A., et.al. Living with the burden of relapse in multiple myeloma from the patient and physician perspective, Leuk Res, 2017. 59: p. 75-84., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28582636

631. Damlaj, M., El Fakih, R., Hashmi, S. K., Evolution of survivorship in lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia: Metamorphosis of the field into long term follow-up care, Blood Rev, 2019. 33: p. 63-73., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30093158

632. Raphael, D., Frey, R., Gott, M., The nature and timing of distress among post-treatment haematological cancer survivors, Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 2019. 28(1): p. e12951., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30284333

633. McCaughan, D., Roman, E., Smith, A. G., Garry, A. C., Johnson, M. J., Patmore, R. D., et.al. Perspectives of bereaved relatives of patients with haematological malignancies concerning preferred place of care and death: A qualitative study, Palliat Med, 2019. 33(5): p. 518-530., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30696347

634. McCaughan, D., Roman, E., Smith, A. G., Garry, A. C., Johnson, M. J., Patmore, R. D., et.al. Haematology nurses' perspectives of their patients' places of care and death: A UK qualitative interview study, Eur J Oncol Nurs, 2019. 39: p. 70-80., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30850141

635. Preston, N. J., Hurlow, A., Brine, J., Bennett, M. I., Blood transfusions for anaemia in patients with advanced cancer, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2012. 2012(2): p. CD009007., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22336857

636. Chin-Yee, N., Taylor, J., Rourke, K., Faig, D., Davis, A., Fergusson, D., et.al. Red blood cell transfusion in adult palliative care: a systematic review, Transfusion, 2018. 58(1): p. 233-241., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29194669

637. Goksu, S. S., D. Gunduz S Fau - Unal, M. Unal D Fau - Uysal, D. Uysal M Fau - Arslan, A. M. Arslan D Fau - Tatli, H. Tatli Am Fau - Bozcuk, M. Bozcuk H Fau - Ozdogan, H. S. Ozdogan M Fau - Coskun and H. S. Coskun, Use of blood transfusion at the end of life: does it have any effects on survival of cancer patients?", 2014.

638. To, T. H., To, L. B., Currow, D. C., Can We Detect Transfusion Benefits in Palliative Care Patients?, J Palliat Med, 2016. 19(10): p. 1110-1113., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27355984

639. Howell, D. A., Roman, E., Cox, H., Smith, A. G., Patmore, R., Garry, A. C., et.al. Destined to die in hospital? Systematic review and meta-analysis of place of death in haematological malignancy, BMC Palliat Care, 2010. 9(1): p. 9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20515452

640. Howell, D. A., Wang, H. I., Roman, E., Smith, A. G., Patmore, R., Johnson, M. J., et.al. Preferred and actual place of death in haematological malignancy, BMJ Support Palliat Care, 2017. 7(2): p. 150-157., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26156005

641. Gomes, B., Calanzani, N., Curiale, V., McCrone, P., Higginson, I. J., Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of home palliative care services for adults with advanced illness and their caregivers, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013. p. CD007760., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23744578

642. Eichenauer, D. A., Golla, H., Thielen, I., Hallek, M., Voltz, R., Perrar, K. M., Characteristics and course of patients with advanced hematologic malignancies receiving specialized inpatient palliative care at a German university hospital, Ann Hematol, 2019. 98(11): p. 2605-2607., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31253997

643. Fiala, M. A., Gettinger, T., Wallace, C. L., Vij, R., Wildes, T. M., Cost differential associated with hospice use among older patients with multiple myeloma, J Geriatr Oncol, 2020. 11(1): p. 88-92., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31262592

644. BMJV, Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz, Rehabilitation und Teilhabe behinderter Menschen, Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB) Neuntes Buch (IX), 2001.

645. (DRV), Deutsche Rentenversicherung, Indikationskatalog für Anschlussrehabilitation (AHB), 2017.

646. (BAR), Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft für Rehabilitation, Rahmenempfehlungen zur ambulanten onkologischen Rehabilitation, 2004.

647. (DRV), Deutsche Rentenversicherung, Anforderungsprofil für eine stationäre Einrichtung zur onkologischen Rehabilitation Erwachsener, 2010.

648. (DRV), Deutsche Rentenversicherung, Strukturqualität von Reha-Einrichtungen – Anforderungen der Deutschen Rentenversicherung, 2. überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage, 2014.

649. (DIMDI), Deutsches Institut für Medizinische Dokumentation und Information, Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit, Stand Oktober 2005. [Online] http://www.dimdi.de/static/de/klassi/icf/, 2005.

650. Vallance, J. K., Courneya, K. S., Jones, L. W., Reiman, T., Differences in quality of life between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors meeting and not meeting public health exercise guidelines, Psychooncology, 2005. 14(11): p. 979-91., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15744764

651. Hunter, E. G., Gibson, R. W., Arbesman, M., D'Amico, M., Systematic Review of Occupational Therapy and Adult Cancer Rehabilitation: Part 1. Impact of Physical Activity and Symptom Management Interventions, Am J Occup Ther, 2017. 71(2): p. 7102100030p1-7102100030p11., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28218585

652. Larsen, R. F., Jarden, M., Minet, L. R., Frolund, U. C., Moller, S., Abildgaard, N., Physical function in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma; a Danish cohort study, BMC Cancer, 2020. 20(1): p. 169., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32126972

653. Hacker, E. D., Larson, J., Kujath, A., Peace, D., Rondelli, D., Gaston, L., Strength training following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Cancer Nurs, 2011. 34(3): p. 238-49., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21116175

654. Oechsle, K., Aslan, Z., Suesse, Y., Jensen, W., Bokemeyer, C., de Wit, M., Multimodal exercise training during myeloablative chemotherapy: a prospective randomized pilot trial, Support Care Cancer, 2014. 22(1): p. 63-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23989498

655. Barthels, FR, et al., Optimized patient-trajectory for patients undergoing treatment with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, Acta Oncologica, 2015. 54(5): p. 750-758.

656. Smith, L., McCourt, O., Henrich, M., Paton, B., Yong, K., Wardle, J., et.al. Multiple myeloma and physical activity: a scoping review, BMJ Open, 2015. 5(11): p. e009576., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26614625

657. Coleman, E. A., Goodwin, J. A., Kennedy, R., Coon, S. K., Richards, K., Enderlin, C., et.al. Effects of exercise on fatigue, sleep, and performance: a randomized trial, Oncol Nurs Forum, 2012. 39(5): p. 468-77., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22940511

658. Larsen, R. F., Jarden, M., Minet, L. R., Frolund, U. C., Abildgaard, N., Supervised and home-based physical exercise in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma-a randomized controlled feasibility study, Pilot Feasibility Stud, 2019. 5: p. 130., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31741745

659. Pergolotti, M., Deal, A. M., Williams, G. R., Bryant, A. L., McCarthy, L., Nyrop, K. A., et.al. Older Adults with Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Occupational and Physical Therapy, J Am Geriatr Soc, 2019. 67(5): p. 953-960., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31034594

660. Duregon, F., Vendramin, B., Bullo, V., Gobbo, S., Cugusi, L., Di Blasio, A., et.al. Effects of exercise on cancer patients suffering chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy undergoing treatment: A systematic review, Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2018. 121: p. 90-100., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29198853

661. Sonneveld, P., Jongen, J. L., Dealing with neuropathy in plasma-cell dyscrasias, Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program, 2010. 2010: p. 423-30., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21239830

662. Cammisuli, S., Cavazzi, E., Baldissarro, E., Leandri, M., Rehabilitation of balance disturbances due to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a pilot study, Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 2016. 52(4): p. 479-88., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27243828

663. Fernandes, J., Kumar, S., Effect of lower limb closed kinematic chain exercises on balance in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a pilot study, Int J Rehabil Res, 2016. 39(4): p. 368-371., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27749517

664. Schmidt-Wolf IGH, Straka C, Scheid C, Einsele H, Goldschmidt H, Engelhardt M., Behandlung des rezidivierten oder refraktaren Multiplen Myeloms, Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2014. 139(41): p. 2091-2095.

665. Moreau, P., Attal, M., Facon, T., Frontline therapy of multiple myeloma, Blood, 2015. 125(20): p. 3076-84., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838345

666. Engelhardt M, Gaiser F, Waldschmidt J, Wäsch R, Kleber M., Basisdiagnose, klinisches Spektrum von Plasmazellerkrankungen und Risikostratifizierung, Onkologe, 2014. 20(3): p. 217-228.

667. (STIKO), Ständigen Impfkommission, Empfehlungen der Ständigen Impfkommission beim Robert Koch-Institut – 2019/2020, 2019. p. 313-364.

668. Ljungman, P., Engelhard, D., de la Camara, R., Einsele, H., Locasciulli, A., Martino, R., et.al. Vaccination of stem cell transplant recipients: recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the EBMT, Bone Marrow Transplant, 2005. 35(8): p. 737-46., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15750612

669. Engelhardt, M., Terpos, E., Kleber, M., Gay, F., Wasch, R., Morgan, G., et.al. European Myeloma Network recommendations on the evaluation and treatment of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, Haematologica, 2014. 99(2): p. 232-42., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24497560

670. Ludwig, H., Delforge, M., Facon, T., Einsele, H., Gay, F., Moreau, P., et.al. Prevention and management of adverse events of Novel agents in multiple myeloma: A consensus of the european myeloma network, Leukemia, 2017., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29251284

671. Berger DP, Engelhardt R, Mertelsmann R., Das Rote Buch: Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, ecomed Medizin, 6. Auflage 2016, 2017.

672. Engelhardt M, Berger DP, Mertelsmann R, Duyster J, eds., Das Blaue Buch: Chemotherapie-Manual Hämatologie und Onkologie, Springer, 2017.

673. Hieke, S., Kleber, M., Konig, C., Engelhardt, M., Schumacher, M., Conditional Survival: A Useful Concept to Provide Information on How Prognosis Evolves over Time, Clin Cancer Res, 2015. 21(7): p. 1530-6., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25833308

674. Schinke, M., Ihorst, G., Duyster, J., Wasch, R., Schumacher, M., Engelhardt, M., Risk of disease recurrence and survival in patients with multiple myeloma: A German Study Group analysis using a conditional survival approach with long-term follow-up of 815 patients, Cancer, 2020. 126(15): p. 3504-3515., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32459378

675. Wedding, U., Rohrig, B., Klippstein, A., Pientka, L., Hoffken, K., Age, severe comorbidity and functional impairment independently contribute to poor survival in cancer patients, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2007. 133(12): p. 945-50., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17534661

676. Kleber, M., Ihorst, G., Terhorst, M., Koch, B., Deschler, B., Wasch, R., et.al. Comorbidity as a prognostic variable in multiple myeloma: comparative evaluation of common comorbidity scores and use of a novel MM-comorbidity score, Blood Cancer J, 2011. 1(9): p. e35., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22829196

677. Kleber, M., Ihorst, G., Gross, B., Koch, B., Reinhardt, H., Wasch, R., et.al. Validation of the Freiburg Comorbidity Index in 466 multiple myeloma patients and combination with the international staging system are highly predictive for outcome, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2013. 13(5): p. 541-51., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23810244

678. Kleber, Martina, Wider, Dagmar, Keller, Kristina, Groß, Barbara, Reinhardt, Heike, Jakobs, Dorothee, et.al. Vorinostat (V) In Combination With Bortezomib (B), Doxorubicin (D) and Dexamethasone (D) (VBDD) In Patients With Refractory Or Relapsed Multiple Myeloma: An Interim Phase I/II Analysis, Blood, 2013. 122(21): p. 3202-3202.

679. Fiala, M. A., Wildes, T. M., Racial disparities in treatment use for multiple myeloma, Cancer, 2017. 123(9): p. 1590-1596., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28085188

680. Cocks, K., Cohen, D., Wisløff, F., Sezer, O., Lee, S., Hippe, E., et.al. An international field study of the reliability and validity of a disease-specific questionnaire module (the QLQ-MY20) in assessing the quality of life of patients with multiple myeloma, Eur J Cancer, 2007. 43(11): p. 1670-8.

681. Kim, J. E., Yoo, C., Lee, D. H., Kim, S. W., Lee, J. S., Suh, C., Serum albumin level is a significant prognostic factor reflecting disease severity in symptomatic multiple myeloma, Ann Hematol, 2010. 89(4): p. 391-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19844712

682. Majithia, N., Rajkumar, S. V., Lacy, M. Q., Buadi, F. K., Dispenzieri, A., Gertz, M. A., et.al. Early relapse following initial therapy for multiple myeloma predicts poor outcomes in the era of novel agents, Leukemia, 2016. 30(11): p. 2208-2213., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27211270

683. Moreau, P., Cavo, M., Sonneveld, P., Rosinol, L., Attal, M., Pezzi, A., et.al. Combination of international scoring system 3, high lactate dehydrogenase, and t(4;14) and/or del(17p) identifies patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with front-line autologous stem-cell transplantation at high risk of early MM progression-related death, J Clin Oncol, 2014. 32(20): p. 2173-80., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24888806

684. Riccardi, A., Mora, O., Tinelli, C., Porta, C., Danova, M., Brugnatelli, S., et.al. Response to first-line chemotherapy and long-term survival in patients with multiple myeloma: results of the MM87 prospective randomised protocol, Eur J Cancer, 2003. 39(1): p. 31-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12504655

685. Durie, B. G., Jacobson, J., Barlogie, B., Crowley, J., Magnitude of response with myeloma frontline therapy does not predict outcome: importance of time to progression in southwest oncology group chemotherapy trials, J Clin Oncol, 2004. 22(10): p. 1857-63., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111617

686. Landgren, O., Thomas, A., Mailankody, S., Myeloma and second primary cancers, N Engl J Med, 2011. 365(23): p. 2241-2., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22150057

687. Engelhardt, M., Ihorst, G., Landgren, O., Pantic, M., Reinhardt, H., Waldschmidt, J., et.al. Large registry analysis to accurately define second malignancy rates and risks in a well-characterized cohort of 744 consecutive multiple myeloma patients followed-up for 25 years, Haematologica, 2015. 100(10): p. 1340-9., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160877

688. Dimopoulos, M. A., Richardson, P. G., Brandenburg, N., Yu, Z., Weber, D. M., Niesvizky, R., et.al. A review of second primary malignancy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with lenalidomide, Blood, 2012. 119(12): p. 2764-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22323483

689. Usmani, S. Z., Sexton, R., Hoering, A., Heuck, C. J., Nair, B., Waheed, S., et.al. Second malignancies in total therapy 2 and 3 for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: influence of thalidomide and lenalidomide during maintenance, Blood, 2012. 120(8): p. 1597-600., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22674807

690. Razavi, P., Rand, K. A., Cozen, W., Chanan-Khan, A., Usmani, S., Ailawadhi, S., Patterns of second primary malignancy risk in multiple myeloma patients before and after the introduction of novel therapeutics, Blood Cancer J, 2013. 3(6): p. e121., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811785

691. Musto, P., Anderson, K. C., Attal, M., Richardson, P. G., Badros, A., Hou, J., et.al. Second primary malignancies in multiple myeloma: an overview and IMWG consensus, Ann Oncol, 2017. 28(2): p. 228-245., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27864218

692. Hasskarl, J., Ihorst, G., De Pasquale, D., Schrottner, P., Zerweck, A., Wasch, R., et.al. Association of multiple myeloma with different neoplasms: systematic analysis in consecutive patients with myeloma, Leuk Lymphoma, 2011. 52(2): p. 247-59., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21054148

693. Thomas, A., Mailankody, S., Korde, N., Kristinsson, S. Y., Turesson, I., Landgren, O., Second malignancies after multiple myeloma: from 1960s to 2010s, Blood, 2012. 119(12): p. 2731-7., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22310913